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Table 1 The overall resting and activity pattern (mean ± SE in % of total observations)

From: Outside enclosure and additional enrichment for dairy goats – a preliminary study

 

IN

OUT1

ENRICH1

ENRICH2

OUT2

F

P

In enclosure

 

49.1 ± 12.7a

47.2 ± 9.2a

37.1 ± 11.2b

38.4 ± 12.8b

10.70

<0.0001

Resting

59.2 ± 10.8a

25.2 ± 10.0e

30.7 ± 8.4d

36.0 ± 6.5c

43.8 ± 8.1b

74.87

<0.0001

Standing/Walking

22.0 ± 2.3a

51.0 ± 2.3c

33.3 ± 1.6b

31.2 ± 1.5b

32.0 ± 25.0 b

42.87

<0.0001

Eating roughage or drinking (inside)

12.5 ± 1.1a

12.3 ± 1.2a

10.0 ± 1.1a

13.5 ± 1.2b

14.0 ± 0.9b

2.63

< 0.05

Eating grass (in enclosure)

-

1.8 ± 0.4a

0.9 ± 0.2b

0.0 ± 0.0c

0.7 ± 0.2b

9.71

<0.0001

Exploring environment inside

0.3 ± 0.2

0.1 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.63

ns

Exploring environment in enclosure

-

6.4 ± 0.9a

2.2 ± 0.3bc

1.2 ± 0.3c

3.3 ± 0.7b

15.41

<0.0001

Exploring or chewing branches

-

-

20.3 ± 6.3

12.7 ± 6.5

-

32.54

<0.0001

Social activity

5.9 ± 1.4a

3.3 ± 0.7b

2.5 ± 0.6b

5.3 ± 0.8a

6.0 ± 1.0a

4.05

<0.01

Aggressive interactions (number per goat and 5 hour)

11.2 ± 1.8

27.7 ± 8.4

23.8 ± 5.8

23.8 ± 4.3

34.8 ± 6.6

2.44

<0.10

Playing (number per goat and 5 hour)

0.0 ± 0.0b

0.7 ± 0.2a

0.9 ± 0.3a

1.1 ± 0.4a

0.8 ± 0.3a

3.43

<0.05