Supplementation of a grape seed and grape marc meal extract decreases activities of the oxidative stress-responsive transcription factors NF-κB and Nrf2 in the duodenal mucosa of pigs

Table 1 Composition of the basal experimental diets fed in phase I (body weight <15 kg) and II (body weight >15 kg)

	Phase I	Phase II
Composition (g/kg)
Wheat	381.7	406.9
Barley	315	302
Soy bean meal (44% crude protein)	250	240
Soy oil	15	15
Mineral and vitamin premix*	33.5	33.4
L-Lysine	2.6	1.5
DL-methionine	1.0	0.5
L-threonine	1.2	0.7
Concentration of nutrients
Metabolisable energy (MJ/kg) †	12.9	13.4
Dry matter (%) ‡	88.7	89.4
Crude protein (%) ‡	19.6	19.1
Crude fibre (%) ‡	5.3	4.9
Crude fat (%) ‡	3.4	4.4
Crude ash (%) ‡	4.8	5.1
Digestible lysine (%) ¥	1.16	1.05
Digestible methionine + cysteine (%) ¥	0.62	0.57
Digestible threonine (%) ¥	0.69	0.63
Digestible tryptophan (%) ¥	0.21	0.21

* The mineral and vitamin premix (Bergin Novamast, Bergophor, Kulmbach, Germany) provided the following per kg diet: 1.34 g lysine, 1,020 FYT phytase, 102 mg iron, 102 mg manganese, 102 mg zinc, 20.4 mg copper, 2.21 mg iodine, 0.44 mg selenium, 13,400 IE vitamin A, 2,244 IE vitamin D₃, 102 mg vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate), 2.55 mg vitamin K, 2.55 mg vitamin B₁, 6.8 mg vitamin B₂, 5.1 mg vitamin B₆, 34 μg vitamin B12, 34 mg nicotinic acid, 17 mg Ca-D-pantothenic acid, 1 mg folic acid, 136 μg biotin, 340 g choline chloride.
† Calculated according to recommendations of German Society for Nutrition Physiology.
‡ Analysed (mean values of three analyses per diet).
¥ calculated using tabular values from AMINODat^® 4.0 (Evonik Industries AG, Essen, Germany).

ISSN: 1751-0147