Comparing video examinations with physical clinical examinations using finishing pigs with umbilical outpouchings as a model

Birch, Julie Melsted; Pedersen, Ken Steen

doi:10.1186/s13028-023-00689-8

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

Table 2 Agreement between clinical examinations performed physically in the stable or by recorded video

From: Comparing video examinations with physical clinical examinations using finishing pigs with umbilical outpouchings as a model

	Veterinarian 1		Veterinarian 2		Veterianarian 3		Veterinarian 4		Mean^b
	Agreement	Kappa (95% con)^a	Agreement	Kappa (95% con)^a	Agreement	Kappa (95% con)^a	Agreement	Kappa (95% con)^a	Kappa (SD)
General examination
Abnormal weight distribution on one or more legs (yes/no)	0.99 (101/102)	0.80 (0.40; 1.00)	0.99 (101/102)	0.80 (0.40; 1.00)	0.99 (101/102)	0.80 (0.40; 1.00)	0.99 (101/102)	0.80 (0.40; 1.00)	0.80 (0.0)
Restricted gait movements (yes/no)	1.00 (102/102)	1.00 (1.0; 1.0)	0.96 (98/102)	0.65 (0.33; 0.97)	0.99 (101/102)	0.80 (0.40; 1.00)	0.98 (100/102)	0.74 (0.40; 1.00)	0.80 (0.15)
Lame (pig level) (yes/no)	0.99 (101/102)	0.8 (0.40; 1.00)	0.99 (101/102)	0.88 (0.66; 1.00)	0.98 (100/102)	0.66 (0.22; 1.00)	1.00 (102/102)	1.00 (1.00; 1.00)	0.84 (0.14)
Spontaneous signs of pain (yes/no)	1.00 (102/102)	1.00 (1.00; 1.00)	0.97 (96/99)	0.65 (0.28; 1.00)	0.99 (97/98)	–	0.98 (100/102)	0.49 (− 0.11; 1.00)	0.71 (0.26)
Umbilical outpouching
Consistence (firm, soft)	0.91 (93/102)	0.62 (0.39; 0.84)	0.97 (99/102)	0.81 (0.60; 1.00)	0.80 (82/102)	0.22 (0.02; 0.43)	0.88 (89/101)	0.27 (− 0.02; 0.57)	0.48 (0.28)
Reducibility (yes/no)	0.88 (89/101)	0.60 (0.40; 0.80)	0.88 (89/101)	0.45 (0.19; 0.70)	0.70 (71/102)	0.28 (0.13; 0.43)	0.70 (69/98)	0.33 (0.16; 0.50)	0.42 (0.14)
Wounds present (yes/no)	0.94 (96/102)	0.88 (0.79; 0.97)	0.89 (90/101)	0.74 (0.61; 0.87)	0.94 (96/102)	0.88 (0.79; 0.97)	0.98 (99/101)	0.96 (0.91; 1.00)	0.87 (0.09)
Number of wounds > 4 cm²	0.88 (36/41)	0.76 (0.56; 0.95)	0.91 (30/33)	0.82 (0.62; 1.00)	0.86 (37/43)	0.71 (0.49; 0.92)	0.96 (43/45)	0.91 (0.79; 1.00)	0.80 (0.09)
Specific wound examination
Location (bottom/side)	0.92 (45/49)	0.31 (− 0.16; 0.78)	0.85 (40/47)	0.29 (− 0.10; 0.67)	0.94 (46/49)	0.64 (0.19; 1.00)	0.85 (40/47)	0.39 (0.04; 0.74)	0.41 (0.16)
Necrosis present (yes/no)	0.94 (46/49)	0.63 (0.25; 1.00)	0.67 (33/49)	–	0.71 (35/49)	0.44 (0.21; 0.68)	0.94 (46/49)	0.37 (− 0.19; 0.93)	0.48 (0.13)
Severe wound (yes/no)	0.76 (37/49)	0.50 (0.26; 0.75)	0.84 (41/49)	0.61 (0.37; 0.84)	0.82 (40/49)	0.57 (0.33; 0.81)	0.80 (39/49)	0.39 (0.09; 0.68)	0.52 (0.10)
"Open" wound (yes/no)	0.90 (44/49)	0.26 (− 0.15; 0.67)	0.73 (36/49)	0.48 (0.25; 0.71)	0.90 (44/49)	0.26 (− 0.15; 0.67)	1.00 (49/49)	1.00 (1.00; 1.00)	0.50 (0.35)
Prognosis (guarded + poor)/good))	0.86 (42/49)	0.61 (0.35; 0.86)	0.76 (37/49)	0.19 (− 0.04; 0.43)	0.86 (42/49)	0.68 (0.47; 0.90)	0.71 (35/49)	0.24 (0.001; 0.49)	0.43 (0.25)
Conclusion
Fit for transport (yes/with precautionary measures/no)	0.83 (85/102)	0.76 (0.65; 0.87)	0.69 (70/102)	0.54 (0.40; 0.67)	0.68 (69/102)	0.59 (0.47; 0.72)	0.88 (90/102)	0.79 (0.68; 0.90)	0.67 (0.12)

The table displays the clinical signs recorded as categorical variables and only those clinical signs where the mean Cohen’s Kappa value across the four Veterinarians was above 0.4 (n = 102 finishing pigs with umbilical outpouchings)
^aCohen’s Kappa value with 95% confidence interval limits
^bMean Cohen’s Kappa value across the four Veterinarians, SD = standard deviation

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