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Table 2 Description of health recordings

From: Changes in dairy cows’ behaviour, health, and production after transition from tied to loose housing

Scoring

Description

Skin alterations

 0

Skin healthy, no visible wounds, no external parasites

 1

Some old wounds or scratched areas, mild external parasite lesions

 2

Fresh wounds, swollen areas, severe external parasite lesions

Carpal and tarsal alterations

 0

No visible lesions on carpal or tarsal areas. Skin normal in this area, no swollen joints

 1

Some old visible wounds or scratched areas on tarsal or carpal areas. Joints not swollen

 2

Fresh wounds on tarsal or carpal areas, joints may be swollen, cow may raise her hoof (she avoids stepping on it)

General cleanliness

 0

Clean: coat clean, some small dirty spots on legs

 1

Medium: legs dirty, some spots also on flanks

 2

Dirty: legs, udder, flanks are very dirty

Udder alterations

 0

No obvious physical changes

 1

Udder problems (udder lesions, swellings, wounds)