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Table 3 Tear Ferning Classification Criteria according to the Masmali tear ferning (TF) grading scale

From: Shih-Tzu dogs show alterations in ocular surface homeostasis despite adequate aqueous tear production

Grade 0

The phenomenon of crystallization is full, with no spaces or gaps between the ferns.

Grade 1

The density of the fern and branches is reduced with the appearance of small spaces and gaps between them.

Grade 2

The fern and branches are reduced and can become thick and large, with the presence of clear spaces and gaps.

Grade 3

The spaces and gaps are increased and very visible in grade 3 without formation of ferns, but with the presence of large crystals.

Grade 4

The phenomenon of crystallization in this pattern is totally absent.