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Table 2 Signs of calf viability during the first hour after birth in groups A1*, A2* and B.

From: Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Group (n)

Willingness to lift the head1 (min)

Sternal recumbency1 (min)

First attempt to stand1 (min)

First standing1 (min)

A1* (4)

2 ± 2 (n = 3)

5 ± 1 (n = 3)

27 ± 6 (n = 4)

63 ± 4 (n = 2), >60 (n = 2)

A2* (4)

2 ± 0 (n = 2)

6 ± 4 (n = 2)

31 ± 22 (n = 3)

49 ± 10 (n = 3)

B (8)

3 ± 1 (n = 7)

5 ± 3 (n = 5)

30 ± 18 (n = 5)

36 ± 11 (n = 3), >60 (n = 2)

  1. Group A1 = an index of stillbirth equal to 85; Group A2 = an index of stillbirth equal to 94; Group B = an index of stillbirth ranged between 100–111; n = the number of observations; 1 = in minutes after birth