Table 2 Obtained values (mean and standard deviation (SD)) and the corresponding determined reference values (mean ± 2 × SD) for echocardiographic parameters in European brown hares (N = 30) anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine in the parasternal projection in short axis.
Parameter (mm) | Reference value | Mean value and SD |
|---|---|---|
Left ventricular end-systolic diameter | 6–20 | 13.6 ± 3.7 |
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter | 3.8 – 13.8 | 8.8 ± 2.5 |
Left ventricular wall end-systolic diameter | 5.9–13.9 | 9.9 ± 2.0 |
Left ventricular wall end-diastolic diameter | 6.6–10.6 | 8.6 ± 2.0 |
Intraventricular septum end-systolic diameter | 2.4–12.4 | 7.4 ± 2.5 |
Intraventricular septum end-diastolic diameter | 5.55–5.95 | 5.75 ± 1.0 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction | 46.25–86.25 | 66.27 ± 9.9 |
Shortening fraction | 18.95–48.75 | 18.95–48.75 |
Aorta | 4.35 – 11.15 | 7.75 ± 1.7 |
Left atrium | 11.5 – 18.7 | 15.12 ± 1.8 |