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Table 1 Summary of scientific evidence for Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic mammals

From: Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic animals-a critical review

 

APSW complex1

Endometritis/metritis

Subfertilty2/sterility

Mastitis

Retained placenta

 

Sporadic

Epidemic3

  

Subclinical

Clinical

 

Cattle

+

−

−

−

(+)4

−

−

Sheep

+

+

−

−

−

−

−

Goat

+

+

−

−

−

−

+5

Buffalo

−6

−

−

−

−

−

−

Horse

−

−

−

−

−

−

−

Pig

−

−

−

−

−

−

−

Dog

−

−

−

−

−

−

−

Cat

−7

−

−

−

−

−

−

  1. 1 Abortion, Premature delivery, Stillbirth and Weak offspring Complex.
  2. 2 Other than due to single event abortion.
  3. 3 Herd level.
  4. 4 Based on one study in one herd [62].
  5. 5 Based on one study in one herd [91] and just as a complication to the APSW complex.
  6. 6 Placental/fetal infection has been reported [98].
  7. 7 Q fever in man has been associated with cats having stillborn kittens although the kittens were not examined.