Figure 1

Intratesticular injection. Photograph shows procedure of single, bilateral intratesticular injection of 1 mL of 20% CaCl₂ in ethanol for sterilization of mature male dogs. Each injection was performed using a sterile 22-gauge needle that was directed from the ventral aspect of each testis approximately 0.5 cm from the epididymal tail towards the cranial aspect of that testis. The solution was carefully deposited along the entire route by linear infiltration, while withdrawing needle from proximal to distal end.