Prevalence and risk factors for overweight horses at premises in Sweden assessed using official animal welfare control data

Table 2 Risk factors associated with overweight horses

Variable	Overweight or obese
	Compliant	Non-compliant	OR (95 % CI)	P value
Care of sick animals (CP-12)
Compliant	6646	19	Ref
Non-compliant	711	23	3.52 (1.51–8.22)	0.004
Not applicable/not inspected	3932	32	1.63 (0.84–3.19)	0.149
Quality feed (CP-29)
Compliant	8485	29	Ref
Non-compliant	631	23	5.15 (2.49–10.67)	<0.001
Not applicable/not inspected	2173	22	1.77 (0.93–3.37)	0.079
Season
Winter	2887	11	Ref
Spring	3144	21	1.51 (0.69–3.31)	0.301
Summer	2262	23	2.18 (1.02–4.70)	0.045
Autumn	2996	19	1.68 (0.79–3.57)	0.180
Horses per human popⁿ (/1000)^a	–	–	0.97 (0.95–1.00)	0.030
Professional establishment^b
No	8558	73	Ref
Yes	2731	1	0.09 (0.01–0.64)	0.016
Meat production
No	9074	52	Ref
Yes	2215	22	2.12 (1.18–3.81)	0.012

Multivariable analysis of associations between risk factors and non-compliance with checkpoint 8 (body condition) where the inspector reported at least one horse as overweight, adjusted for clustering on premises (n = 10,796). Raw data for frequencies of compliant and non-compliant inspections are presented
^aNumber of compliant and non-compliant inspections are not reported for continuous variables
^bHolds a permit under 16 § of the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, for “an operating permit required by any person who, on a professional basis or on a substantial scale: 1. keeps, breeds, supplies or sells pet animals or receives pet animals for boarding or feeding; 2. keeps, breeds, supplies or sells horses or receives horses for boarding or feeding or uses horses in a riding school business; or 3. breeds fur animals.”

ISSN: 1751-0147