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Table 3 Generalized linear mixed-models for gender, and management factors on i.v. glucose tolerance test traits

From: Effects of auditory and visual stimuli on glucose metabolism in Holstein dairy cattle

Fixed effects

G0a mmol/L

GMAX mmol/L

G63 mmol/L

GHLTb min

GAUC mmol/L/63 min

ß

SE

P

ß

SE

P

ß

SE

P

ß

SE

P

ß

SE

P

Intercept

4.70

0.08

< 0.001

14.2

0.15

< 0.001

5.97

0.22

< 0.001

44.02

1.56

< 0.001

204.27

4.09

< 0.001

Gender

  

< 0.001

  

0.03

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

ns

 Bull

0.57

0.11

< 0.001

− 0.52

0.21

0.01

0.64

0.31

0.04

10.17

2.23

< 0.001

 Steer

0.21

0.11

0.05

− 0.40

0.21

0.05

0.30

0.31

0.34

3.30

2.21

0.13

 Heifer

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

Noise (N)

  

ns

  

ns

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

ns

 I

0.12

0.28

0.66

− 3.51

2.50

0.16

 II

− 0.89

0.26

0.001

− 7.49

2.23

0.001

 Undisturbed

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

Food stimuli (FS)

  

< 0.001

  

0.02

  

ns

  

ns

  

0.04

 Food-stimulated

0.19

0.05

< 0.001

− 0.36

0.16

0.02

− 14.12

7.09

0.04

 Undisturbed

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

Gender*N

  

ns

  

ns

  

0.001

  

< 0.001

  

ns

 [Bull]*[N I]

0.40

0.40

0.31

5.87

3.55

0.10

 [Bull]*[N II]

1.31

0.37

0.001

10.79

3.18

0.001

 [Bull]*[undisturbed]

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 [Steer]*[N I]

− 0.07

0.40

0.86

− 0.09

3.54

0.98

 [Steer]*[N II]

− 0.29

0.37

0.43

− 4.15

3.16

0.19

 [Steer]*[undisturbed]

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

   
  1. ß coefficient, G0 basal glucose concentration prior to injection, GMAX maximum increase in blood glucose concentration, G63 glucose concentrations at min 63, GHLT glucose half-life time, GAUC glucose area under the curve, N noise, FS food stimuli, ns no statistically significant difference, not shown because values were not statistical significant, ref referent category
  2. aG0 was estimated based on n = 105
  3. bGHLTwas estimated based on n = 107