Fig. 1

Illustration of the sequential approach that was adopted to estimate the PK/PD parameters. The upper row shows the dexamethasone synovial fluid and plasma disposition model (a) and the lower row the pharmacodynamic model (b) describing the LPS challenge and lameness response (R_LL). The post hoc estimates of individual PK parameters were fixed to their post hoc estimate to “drive” the drug-mechanism function (I(C_syn)) acting on production of lameness response induced by the LPS-challenge [25]