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Table 5 Description of variables related to feeding tested in the univariable analysis (Chi2-test)

From: Flock-level risk factors for outbreaks of infectious arthritis in lambs, Norway 2018

Variable

Categories

Total

Case flocks (n = 84)

Control flocks (n = 1414)

n

%

n

%

n

%

P-value

How often is concentrate offered?b

Twice daily

896

60.5

51

58.0

849

60.6

< 0.001

Once daily

314

21.2

16

18.5

299

21.3

 

≥ Thrice daily

87

5.9

7

8.6

80

5.7

 

Automat

62

4.2

11

13.6

51

3.6

 

Not giving concentrate

123

8.3

2

1.2

122

8.7

 

Ewes’ faecal consistency when lambing startsa

Firm pellets

1234

84.4

57

71.3

1177

85.1

0.001

Soft paste or diarrhoea

229

15.7

23

28.8

206

14.9

 

kg concentrate before lambinga

< 0.5 kg

726

49.0

29

34.9

697

49.8

0.004

0.5–1 kg

640

43.2

41

49.4

599

42.8

 

> 1 kg

116

7.8

13

15.7

103

7.4

 

Type of foragea

Silage and hay

326

21.8

9

10.7

317

22.5

0.008

Hay

211

14.1

8

9.5

203

14.4

 

Silage

958

64.1

67

79.8

891

63.2

 

Kg concentrate after lambing

< 1 kg

755

51.6

40

50.0

715

51.7

0.880

1–1.5 kg

497

34.0

27

33.8

470

34.0

 

> 1.5 kg

210

14.4

13

16.3

197

14.3

 
  1. aTested in multivariable model
  2. bIntervening variable, not tested in the multivariable model