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Table 1 Composition of the European bison breeding group and enclosure conditions in each location (*during daytime, a pen of about 1 ha is available for the animals)

From: Stress hormone level and the welfare of captive European bison (Bison bonasus): the effects of visitor pressure and the social structure of herds

Location

Area of enclosure (ha)

Females (years old)

Males (years old)

Animals per ha

Mean Visitor numbers (persons/day)

Weekdays

Weekends

Poznań zoo

0.5

10, 8, 1.5

12, 1.5

10

19.5

99

Warsaw zoo

0.3

9, 9, 3, 2, 1, 0.5

11, 3

26.7

196.3

1087.5

FCC Gołuchów

20*

11, 11, 2

11, 3, 1, 1

0.35

90

650