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Table 3 Clinical serum biochemistry parameters for wild (Svalbard, Norway) and captive bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus), presented as median, range and 5–95 percentiles

From: Serum biochemistry and haematology in wild and captive bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) from Svalbard, Norway

Analytea

Pups (wild)

Adults (wild)

Adults (captive)

nb

Median

Range

5–95%

N

Median

Range

5–95%

N

Median

Range

5–95%

AST (U/L)

67

79

49–198

53–148

7

46

39–106

39–96

25

58

35–89

37–84

ALT (U/L)

67

8

0–24

1–16.4

7

5

1–33

1.3–27.6

25

41

28–60

33–59

ALP (U/L)

67

556

232–961

299–868

7

56

14–110

15–102

25

123

6–260

27–196

CK (U/L)

67

385

114–3383

136–2346

7

126

55–1234

56–1147

25

150

89–458

97–286

LDH (U/L)

67

669

271–1897

329–1175

7

185

89–1245

97–1028

25

354

201–965

254–812

Amylase (U/L)

67

1

0–9

0–5

7

1

0–6

0.3–4.8

23

1

0–4

0–2

Lipase (U/L)

67

25

11–54

14–47

7

142

52–156

62–156

25

241

69–331

124–297

Protein, total (g/L)

67

59

49–69

53–65

7

69

64–83

64–80

25

63

55–75

57–72

Albumin (g/L)

34

40.5

31.0–48.6

32.6–44.2

5

36.5

35.6–41.9

35.6–41.5

25

35

29–38

32–38

Globulin total (g/L)

34

19

14–26

15–22

5

33

28–41

29–40

25

29

25–39

25–34

α1-globulins (g/L)

34

3.9

2.9–5.4

3.2–4.9

5

4.4

4.3–5.1

4.3–5.0

25

5

3–9

3.3–8.5

α2-globulins (g/L)

34

4.7

3.2–7.4

3.5–6.7

5

7.5

6.6–7.8

6.6–7.8

25

10

6–13

6.7–12.9

β-globulins (β1 + β2; g/L)

34

7.9

5.9–11.8

6.1–9.5

5

13.8

10.4–16.4

10.4–16.7

25

8

6–13

6.7–10.9

γ-globulins (g/L)

34

2

0.6–4.8

0.7–4.4

5

7.5

6.7–12.5

6.8–12.1

25

6

3–9

3.2–8.2

Total bilirubin (µmol/L)

67

1

0–11

0–7.4

7

1

1–4

1–3.4

25

1

0–6

1–3.6

Urea (mmol/L)

67

9.8

4.5–19.0

6.6–16.2

7

8.2

6.3–9.3

6.4–9.1

25

6

4–10

4.5–8.8

Creatinine (µmol/L)

67

119

77–362

92–180

7

173

153–213

155–209

25

139

110–194

118–158

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

67

6

1.9–10

3.0–9.0

7

3

2.6–5.7

2.6–5.4

25

5

4–7

3.9–6.9

NEFA (mmol/L)

67

1.2

0.3–3.2

0.5–2.3

7

1

0.3–1.4

0.5–1.4

25

0

0–1

0.02–0.56

Glucose (mmol/L)

67

6.8

1–13.4

3.3–10.6

7

6.6

1.2–12.2

2.5–11.1

25

6

3–8

3.1–7.2

Calcium (mmol/L)

67

2.6

1.1–3.0

2.4–2.9

7

1.9

1.2–2.5

1.3–2.5

25

2

2–3

2.1–2.5

Phosphate (inorg.; mmol/L)

67

3

1.5- 5.6

2.0–4.1

7

2.3

0.7–3.6

0.9–3.5

25

2

2–3

1.5–2.3

Magnesium (mmol/L)

67

1.1

0.7–2.1

0.9–1.7

7

1

0.8–1.3

0.8–1.3

25

1

1–1

0.9–1.2

Sodium (mmol/L)

67

153

131–159

146–157

7

153

149–166

149–164

23

153

150–160

151–157

Potassium (mmol/L)

67

4.1

3.1–5.9

3.5–4.6

7

4.1

3.7–4.7

3.7–4.6

23

4

4–5

3.7–4.9

Chloride (mmol/L)

67

102

86–107

97–107

7

106

102–108

103–108

23

114

107–117

110–116

Total T4 (nmol/L)

67

49

11–151

23–118

7

25

13–29

14.2–28.1

21

23

9–74

10–62

Cortisol (nmol/L)

67

398

199–977

212–832

7

1010

612–1206

674–1162

21

345

236–549

265–491

  1. aAST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, ALP Alkaline phosphatase, CK Creatine kinase, LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, NEFA Non-esterified fatty acids
  2. bn indicates the number of animals that were sampled and analyzed for each specific analyte. For captive adult bearded seals, the data is based on blood samples obtained from four 9–10-year-old bearded seals sampled 2–7 times each (2006–2008)