Table 1 Clinical findings in 38 calves with type-4 abomasal ulcer
From: Clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic findings in 38 calves with type-4 abomasal ulcer
Variable | Finding | n | % |
|---|---|---|---|
General demeanour (n = 38) | Moderately disturbed | 2 | 5 |
Severely disturbed | 36 | 95 | |
Heart rate (n = 38; mean ± sd, 124 ± 30 bpm) | Normal (90–110) | 9 | 24 |
Decreased (68–89) | 4 | 10 | |
Increased (111–180) | 25 | 66 | |
Respiratory rate (n = 38; median, 40 breaths per min) | Normal (30–45) | 11 | 30 |
Decreased (20–29) | 13 | 35 | |
Increased (46–102) | 13 | 35 | |
Rectal temperature (n = 38; median, 39.2 °C) | Normal (38.5–39.5) | 20 | 53 |
Decreased (35.8–38.5) | 10 | 26 | |
Increased (38.6–40.1) | 8 | 21 | |
Rumen (n = 35) | Normal motility | 1 | 3 |
Decreased motility | 2 | 6 | |
Absent motility | 32 | 91 | |
Rumen tympany | 20 | 57 | |
Foreign body testsa (n = 23) | All negative | 8 | 35 |
At least one test positiveb | 15 | 65 | |
Swinging and percussion auscultation on the right side (n = 36) | Both negative (normal) | 9 | 25 |
Only swinging auscultation positive | 18 | 50 | |
Both tests positive | 9 | 25 | |
Swinging and percussion auscultation on the left side (n = 37) | Both negative (normal) | 12 | 32 |
Only swinging auscultation positive | 12 | 32 | |
Only percussion auscultation positive | 1 | 3 | |
Both tests positive | 12 | 32 | |
Intestinal motility (n = 37) | Normal | 4 | 11 |
Reduced | 26 | 70 | |
Absent | 7 | 19 | |
Faeces (n = 38) | No faeces in the rectum | 8 | 21 |
Dark to black | 6 | 16 | |
Soft to liquid | 4 | 11 | |
Melaena or mucus or fibrin | 13 | 34 |