The impact of water depth and speed on muscle fiber activation of healthy dogs walking in a water treadmill

Table 2 Mean scores and standard deviations related to muscle, speed and water level

	Level 0	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Level 0_end^a
BF 30 m/min
E	7.1 ± 2.0	7.1 ± 1.7	7.5 ± 1.8	6.4 ± 1.9	7.6 ± 1.6
S	8.1 ± 0.8	7.9 ± 1.0	8.2 ± 0.8	7.9 ± 0.8	8.1 ± 0.7
T	6.6 ± 2.2	7.4 ± 1.6	7.8 ± 1.5	6.5 ± 2.2	6.9 ± 2.3
BF 50 m/min
E	5.4 ± 2.2	5.2 ± 2.1	5.1 ± 2.3	3.7 ± 2.5	5.5 ± 2.7
S	7.5 ± 1.4	7.6 ± 1.2	7.4 ± 1.3	7.1 ± 1.2	7.6 ± 1.2
T	6.1 ± 2.1	6.3 ± 2.1	6.9 ± 1.6	5.3 ± 2.3	6.5 ± 2.3
QVL 30 m/min
E	7.3 ± 1.6	7.5 ± 1.9	7.7 ± 1.6	7.2 ± 1.9	7.8 ± 1.7
S	7.9 ± 0.9	7.9 ± 0.8	7.8 ± 1.0	8.1 ± 0.9	8.0 ± 0.8
T	7.2 ± 1.4	7.4 ± 1.3	7.9 ± 1.3	7.4 ± 1.4	7.4 ± 1.7
QVL 50 m/min
E	5.8 ± 2.1	5.6 ± 2.0	5.5 ± 2.6	4.7 ± 2.6	6.2 ± 2.0
S	7.5 ± 1.3	7.3 ± 1.2	7.4 ± 1.2	7.5 ± 1.2	7.6 ± 1.0
T	6.9 ± 1.3	6.8 ± 2.0	7.1 ± 1.7	6.5 ± 2.0	7.3 ± 1.3

Acoustic myography from right and left m. biceps femoris (BF) and vastus lateralis of m. quadriceps femoris (QVL) on 25 large-breed dogs walking in water at two velocities (30 and 50 m/min) and at the following water levels: Level 0, at the bottom of the pad; level 1, at the tibio-tarsal joint; level 2, at the tibial plateau; level 4, at the mid-femur. Data were collected for muscle fiber resting time/total time (E-score), spatial summation (S-score), temporal summation (T-score), and scored from 1 to 10, where high scores indicate least muscle fiber activation
^aMeasurements at level 0 were repeated at the end of the trial

ISSN: 1751-0147