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Table 4 Clinical findings in the neurological examination of 66 dogs with perineal hernia

From: Exploring the association between canine perineal hernia and neurological, orthopedic, and gastrointestinal diseases

Neurological signs

Abnormal

n (%)

Normal

n (%)

Mental status

0 (0.0)

66 (100.0)

Posture

1 (1.5)

65 (98.5)

Gait

2 (3.0)

64 (97.0)

Postural reactions

7 (10.6)

59 (89.4)

Spinal reflexes

1 (1.5)a

64 (98.5)a

Perineal reflex

29 (44.6)a

36 (55.4)a

Bulbourethral reflex

26 (40.0)a

39 (60.0)a

Cranial nerve examination

4 (6.2)a

61 (93.8)a

Panniculus reflex

11 (16.9)a

54 (83.1)a

  1. n number of dogs
  2. aResults missing in one dog