Table 8 Frequencies of abnormal laboratory findings in cows with LDA, RDA and AV

Haematocrit (n = 1979)

 ≤ 35%

 > 35%

740 (55%)

598^a (45%)¹

133 (39%)

205 (61%) ^b

111 (37%)

192 (63%) ^b

984 (50%)

995 (50%)

52^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Leukocytes

(n = 1973)

 ≤ 10,000/µL

 > 10,000/µL

1041 (78%)

293 (22%)^a

244 (72%)

94 (28%)^a

181 (60%)

120 (40%)^b

1466 (74%)

507 (26%)

42^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Total protein

(n = 1968)

 ≤ 80 g/L

 > 80 g/L

942 (71%)

387 (29%)^a

251 (74%)

86 (26%)^a

201 (67%)

101 (33%)^a

1394 (71%)

574 (29%)

4.9 ^ns

–

–

Fibrinogen

(n = 1965)

 ≤ 7 g/L

 > 7 g/L

1018 (77%)

308 (23%)^a

257 (76%)

80 (24%)^a

222 (73%)

80 (27%)^a

1497 (76%)

468 (24%)

1.4 ^ns

–

–

Urea

(n = 1974)

 ≤ 6.5 mmol/L

 > 6.5 mmol/L

1055 (79%)

280 (21%)^a

193 (57%)

143 (43%)^b

118 (39%)

185 (61%)^c

1366 (69%)

608 (31%)

212^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Calcium (n = 1608)

 < 2.20 mmol/L

 ≥ 2.20 mmol/L

873 (79%)^ab

238 (21%)

221 (83%)^b

44 (17%)

167 (72%)^a

65 (28%)

1261 (78%)

347 (22%)

10^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Inorg. phosph. (n = 1610)

 < 1.30 mmol/L

 ≥ 1.30 mmol/L

608 (55%)^a

504 (45%)

114 (43%)^b

152 (57%)

73 (32%)^c

158 (68%)

795 (49%)

814 (51%)

47^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Potassium

(n = 1972)

 < 4.0 mmol/L

 ≥ 4.0 mmol/L

1097 (82%)

237 (18%)

282 (84%)

53 (16%)

261 (86%)

42 (14%)

1640 (83%)

332 (17%)

3 ^ns

–

–

Chloride

(n = 1970)

 < 95 mmol/L

 ≥ 95 mmol/L

575 (43%)^a

757 (57%)

129 (38%)^a

207 (62%)

173 (57%)^b

129 (43%)

877 (45%)

1093 (55%)

26^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Bilirubin

(n = 1962)

 ≤ 6.5 µmol/L

 > 6.5 µmol/L

141 (11%)

1188 (89%)^a

62 (19%)

270 (81%)^b

70 (23%)

231 (77%)^b

273 (14%)

1689 (86%)

40^**

Boph

 < 0.05

AST

(n = 1975)

 ≤ 103 U/L

 > 103 U/L

289 (22%)

1047 (78%)^a

52 (15%)

284 (85%)^b

37 (12%)

266 (88%)^b

378 (19%)

1597 (81%)

18^**

Boph

 < 0.05

γ-GT

(n = 1975)

 ≤ 30 U/L

 > 30 U/L

645 (48%)

691 (52%)^a

70 (21%)

266 (79%)^b

48 (16%)

255 (84%)^b

763 (39%)

1212 (61%)

164^**

Boph

 < 0.05

γ-GT

(n = 1975)

 ≤ 30 U/L

 > 30 U/L

645 (48%)

691 (52%)^a

70 (21%)

266 (79%)^b

48 (16%)

255 (84%)^b

763 (39%)

1212 (61%)

164^**

Boph

 < 0.05

GLDH

(n = 1440)

 ≤ 25 U/L

 > 25 U/L

198 (20%)

769 (80%)^a

21 (8%)

228 (92%)^b

11 (5%)

213 (95%)^b

230 (16%)

1210 (84%)

46^**

Boph

 < 0.05

SDH

(n = 1422)

 ≤ 7.6 U/L

 > 7.6 U/L

20 (2%)

938 (98%)

7 (3%)

240 (97%)

7 (3%)

210 (97%)

34 (2%)

1388 (98%)

2 ^ns

–

–

Blood pH

 < 7.41

363 (30%)^a

123 (39%)^b

96 (35%)^ab

582 (32%)

12^**

Boph

 < 0.05

(n = 1812)

 > 7.45

445 (36%)

94 (30%)

95 (34%)

634 (35%)

Bicarbonate

(n = 1817)

 < 20.0 mmol/L

 > 30.0 mmol/L

76 (6%)

496 (41%) ^ab

13 (4%)

107 (34%) ^b

16 (6%)

123 (44%)^a

105 (6%)

726 (40%)

10^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Base excess

 < -2.0 mmol/L

160 (13%)

39 (13%)

31 (11%)

230 (13%)

10^**

Boph

 < 0.05

(n = 1810)

 >  + 2.0 mmol/L

829 (68%)^a

188 (61%)^b

187(67%)^ab

1204 (67%)

L-lactate

(n = 209)

 ≤ 2.2 mmol/L

 > 2.2 mmol/L

89 (77%)

26 (23%)^a

27 (57%)

20 (43%)^b

10 (21%)

37 (79%)^c

126 (60%)

83 (40%)

45^**

Boph

 < 0.05

Rumen chloride (n = 1761)

 ≤ 25.0 mmol/L

 > 25.0 mmol/L

263 (22%)

925 (78%)^a

148 (49%)

154 (51%)^b

164 (61%)

107 (39%)^c

575 (33%)

1186 (67%)

192^**

Boph

 < 0.05