Articles

Bovine Endotoxicosis – Some Aspects of Relevance to Production Diseases. A Review*

This review describes some circumstances where endotoxins of Gram negative bacteria may be related to the pathogenesis of some common production diseases. Decisive evidence for the pathogentical role of endoto...

Authors: Pia Haubro Andersen

Generation of EST and cDNA Microarray Resources for the Study of Bovine Immunobiology*

Recent developments in expressed sequence tag (EST) and cDNA microarray technology have had a dramatic impact on the ability of scientists to study the responses of thousands of genes to external stimuli, such...

Authors: J. Yao, J.L. Burton, P. Saama, S. Sipkovsky and P.M. Coussens

An Immunogenomics Approach to Understanding Periparturient Immunosuppression and Mastitis Susceptibility in Dairy Cows*

Studies comparing in vivo and in vitro functional capacities of leukocytes from non-parturient and periparturient dairy cows have provided substantial evidence that systemic and local mammary immune defenses a...

Authors: J.L. Burton, S.A. Madsen, J. Yao, S.S. Sipkovsky and P.M. Coussens

Co-ordinated Interdisciplinary Efforts on Research in Animal Production and Health

The objectives are to review results and experiences from interdisciplinary research projects in Research Centre for the Management of Animal Production and Health (CEPROS) concerning scientific content, organ...

Authors: Hans Houe

Heat Resistance in Liquids of Enterococcus spp., Listeria spp., Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacterspp

The aim of the work was to collect, evaluate, summarize and compare heat resistance data reported for Campylobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Listeria, Salmonella and Yersinia spp. The work was limited to resis...

Authors: S. Sörqvist

Analgesic Effect of Meloxicam in Canine Acute Dermatitis – a Pilot Study

A double-blind trial was performed on 12 client-owned dogs suffering from acute and painful dermatitis. Clinically these cases represented pyotraumatic dermatitis and pyotraumatic folliculitis. Six dogs were i...

Authors: O. Viking Höglund and J. Frendin

Aspects on Feed Related Prophylactic Measures Aiming to Prevent Post Weaning Diarrhoea in Pigs

The ability of feed related measures to prevent or reduce post weaning diarrhoea (PWD) was examined in a split litter study including 30 pigs from 6 litters allotted into 5 groups. Four groups were exposed to ...

Authors: L. Melin and P. Wallgren

Occurrence of Clinical and Sub-Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Herds in the West Littoral Region in Uruguay

Twenty-nine dairy farms were selected to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis, prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis and bacterial aetiology in the West Littoral Region of Uruguay. In samples taken by th...

Authors: R. Gianneechini, C. Concha, R. Rivero, I. Delucci and J. Moreno López

An Indirect ELISA for Detection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection in Farmed Blue Foxes (Alopex lagopus)

Infection with the intracellular microsporidium Encephalitozoon cuniculi can cause serious disease, encephalitozoonosis, in the blue fox (Alopex lagopus). The disease diagnosis is based on clinical signs and path...

Authors: J. Åkerstedt

Persistence of Trichinella spiralisin Rat Carcasses Experimentally Mixed in Different Feed

Trichinella spiralis infected rat carcasses were incubated for 6 weeks in several animal feeds to assess how long Trichinella can present a risk for an outbreak in contaminated feeds. In groups of 6, 24 infected ...

Authors: L. Oivanen, T. Mikkonen, L. Haltia, H. Karhula, H. Saloniemi and A. Sukura

Risk of Infection with Leishmaniaspp. in the Canine Population in the Netherlands

The dog is the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in humans in Southern Europe. In order to identify the risk of dogs from a Leishmania non-endemic area trav...

Authors: E. Teske, F. van Knapen, E.G.M. Beijer and R.J. Slappendel

Immune-Mediated Fever in the Dog. Occurrence of Antinuclear Antibodies, Rheumatoid Factor, Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-6 in Serum

Contents of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), rheumatoid factor (RF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in serum from 20 dogs with immune-mediated fever. Seven out of 20 patients...

Authors: Øvrebø Bohnhorst, I Hanssen and Torolf Moen

Oestrone Sulphate Measurements for the Prediction of Small or Large Litters in Pigs

Serum from 88 pregnant sows and gilts was sampled 24 and 28 days after their first insemination or mating day. The oestrone sulphate (E1S) concentration in the samples was assessed with a commercially availabl...

Authors: AH Gaustad-Aas, E Ropstad, K Karlberg, PO Hofmo and E Dahl

Incidence of Reinfections with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaein Pig Farms Located in Respiratory-Disease-Free Regions of Switzerland – Identification and Quantification of Risk Factors

The objective of the study was to identify risk factors for reintroduction of Actinobacillus pleuopneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (enzootic pneumonia) onto pig farms in areas in Switzerland that were invo...

Authors: R Hege, W Zimmermann, R Scheidegger and KDC Stärk

Individually Coded Telemetry: a Tool for Studying Heart Rate and Behaviour in Reindeer Calves

The aim of the study was to test the performance of a silver wire modified version of the coded telemetric heart rate monitor Polar Vantage NV™ (PVNV) and to measure heart rate (HR) in a group of captive reind...

Authors: E Eloranta, H Norberg, A Nilsson, T Pudas and H Säkkinen

Trichinella britoviin Domestic Pig – a Case Report

Authors: T Järvis, I Miller and E Pozio

Parental Background Predisposes Baltic Salmon Fry to M74 Syndrome

Authors: P Koski

Characterisation of the Repeat Breeding Syndrome in Swedish Dairy Cattle

Repeat breeding (RB), defined as cows failure to conceive from 3 or more regularly spaced services in the absence of detectable abnormalities, is a costly problem for the dairy producer. To elucidate the occur...

Authors: H Gustafsson and U Emanuelson

Insulin Sensitivity of Heifers on Different Diets

The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique was used to investigate the effect on insulin sensitivity of 2 different diets used in practical cattle feeding in calves. Ten 4 to 5-month-old heifer calves wer...

Authors: K Sternbauer and J Luthman

Risk Factors for High Endoparasitic Burden and the Efficiency of a Single Anthelmintic Treatment of Danish Horses

A questionnaire survey regarding endoparasite control practices in Danish horse herds was carried out in 1995. The participating veterinarians and herd owners were sampled using convenience and purposive sampl...

Authors: M.M. Larsen, S. Lendal, M. Chriél, S.N. Olsen and H. Bjørn

Wet Belly in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Relation to Body Condition, Body Temperature and Blood Constituents

Wet belly, when the reindeer becomes wet over the lower parts of the thorax and abdomen, sometimes occurs in reindeer during feeding. In a feeding experiment, 11 out of 69 reindeer were affected by wet belly. ...

Authors: B Åhman, A Nilsson, E Eloranta and K Olsson

Elimination of Mange Mites Sarcoptes scabiei var. suisfrom Two Naturally Infested Danish Sow Herds Using a Single Injection Regime with Doramectin

Attempts to eliminate Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis were made in 2 naturally infested sow herds, by intramuscular (IM) injection of doramectin (Dectomax^®, Pfizer, New York, USA). A single injection strategy was use...

Authors: JCE Jensen, LH Nielsen, T Arnason and V Cracknell

Monocarboxylate Transporters and Lactate Metabolism in Equine Athletes: A Review

Lactate is known as the end product of anaerobic glycolysis, a pathway that is of key importance during high intensity exercise. Instead of being a waste product lactate is now regarded as a valuable substrate...

Authors: AR Pösö

May Organically Farmed Animals Pose a Risk for Campylobacter Infections in Humans?

Organic farming of meat producing poultry like broilers, means that the animals should be kept outdoors as much as possible. This pose a risk that they get infected with Campylobacter. At slaughter, carcasses ...

Authors: Anders Engvall

Zoonotic Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of all warm-blooded animals, but variants of this species is also among the important etiological agents of enteritis and several extraintesti...

Authors: Yngvild Wasteson

Salmonella – A Brief Summary

Salmonellosis is the main cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in most European countries. Infections with Salmonella is usually subclinical, whereas clinical cases show symptoms with a wide range of sever...

Authors: Esko Nurmi

Recycling Biowaste – Human and Animal Health Problems

Biowaste from the food chain is of potential benefit to use in agriculture. Agriculture in general and organic farming in particular needs alternative plant nutrients. However, the quality concerning hygiene a...

Authors: Ann Albihn

Is the Modern High Potential Dairy Cow Suitable for Organic Farming Conditions?

It is not acceptable to compromise animal welfare in any system of farming. Feeding should be aimed at meeting the nutritional requirements at the various stages of production. This paper deals with the detrim...

Authors: Grétar H. Harðarson

Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance in Organic Farming – Possibilities and Constraints

Lowered incidences of disease may be reached in several ways: management and rearing measures, vaccination programmes and preventive medications as well as breeding for improved disease resistance. Here the fo...

Authors: Ulf Magnusson

Reduced Medication in Organic Farming with Emphasis on Organic Dairy Production

Medication is an important focus area in organic animal husbandry. The combination of goals relating to improved animal welfare and reduced use of chemicals in general creates a common wish to reduce medicatio...

Authors: Mette Vaarst and Torben W. Bennedsgaard

Influence of Boar and Semen Parameters on Motility and Acrosome Integrity in Liquid Boar Semen Stored for Five Days

Ninety ejaculates from a total of 76 AI boars were extended in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS). Boar identity, breed, weight of the ejaculate and sperm concentration were registered. Motility and acrosome in...

Authors: E Kommisrud, H Paulenz, E Sehested and IS Grevle

Alternative Therapy of Animals – Homeopathy and Other Alternative Methods of Therapy

Alternative therapy of animals is described, in the meaning of alternatives to veterinary therapy traditionally accepted by veterinary faculties and schools and included in their curricula. Alternative therapy...

Authors: Torleiv Løken

Salmonella in Sheep in Iceland

In 1995 several outbreaks of food poisoning in humans occurred in Iceland, that were traced to salmonella contamination of singed sheep heads. This prompted us to study the prevalence of salmonella infection i...

Authors: S Hjartardóttir, E Gunnarsson and J Sigvaldadóttir

Health and Welfare in Organic Poultry Production

This review paper deals with the major health and welfare aspects of organic poultry production. The differences between organic and conventional egg and poultry meat production are discussed, with the main em...

Authors: C. Berg

Animal Health and Welfare – Pig Production

Requirements of the organic pig farming create an opportunity to offer good life for animals. The space requirements give animals the possibility to exhibit species-specific behavior and provide them opportuni...

Authors: Pirkko Hämeenoja

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Udder Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Herds in the West Littoral Region of Uruguay

A total of 522 strains belonging to streptococci, enterococci and staphylococci isolated from sub-clinical and clinical cases of bovine mastitis from the west littoral region of Uruguay were analysed for their...

Authors: RE Gianneechini, C Concha and A Franklin

Animal Health and Welfare in Organic Sheep and Goat Farming – Experiences and Reflections from a Swedish Outlook

Authors: Åsa Lindqvist

Comparisons of Sampling Procedures and Time of Sampling for the Detection of Salmonellain Danish Infected Chicken Flocks Raised in Floor Systems

Bacteriological follow-up samples were taken from 41 chicken (Gallus gallus) flocks in floor systems, where Salmonella enterica (Salmonella) had been detected either directly in bacteriological samples or indirec...

Authors: KO Gradel, J Andersen and M Madsen

Animal Welfare in Relation to Standards in Organic Farming

The new EU-regulations on organic farming (1804/1999) are also influencing the animal welfare. A lot of positive regulations is to find, but also regulations that seen to mind more about the general public and...

Authors: Karl-Erik Hammarberg

Organic Farming in the Nordic Countries – Animal Health and Production

Organic farming (or ecological agriculture) is of growing importance in the agricultural sector worldwide. In the Nordic countries, 1–10% of the arable land was in organic production in 1999. Organic farming c...

Authors: S. M. Thamsborg

Milk Fever Control Principles: A Review

Three main preventive principles against milk fever were evaluated in this literature review, and the efficacy of each principle was estimated from the results of controlled investigations. Oral calcium drench...

Authors: T Thilsing-Hansen, RJ Jørgensen and S Østergaard

Investigations of Waterborne Pathogens in Eurasian Beaver (Castor fiber) from Telemark County, Southeast Norway

Authors: F. Rosell, O. Rosef and H. Parker

Housing, Feeding and Management of Calves and Replacement Heifers in Swedish Dairy Herds

A questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected dairy herds in Sweden, asking for general information about the herds, including routines from birth to first calving and also routines at breeding, calving a...

Authors: K Pettersson, C Svensson and P Liberg

Rapid Brain Cooling in Intubated Pigs through Nasal Flushing with Oxygen: Prevention of Brain Hyperthermia

Local cooling of the brain by the respiratory air is found in many animal species. The mechanism is based on cooling of the nasal vein blood and heat transfer in the cavernous sinus/carotid artery complex and ...

Authors: N Einer-Jensen, MH Khorooshi, MB Petersen and P Svendsen

Persistence of Ehrlichia phagocytophilaInfection in Two Age Groups of Lambs

Tick-borne fever (TBF) is caused by the rickettsiae Ehrlichia phagocytophila and is a common disease in sheep in tick (Ixodes ricinus) infested areas in Norway. Earlier investigations have shown that some sheep c...

Authors: S Stuen and K Bergström

Predilection Muscles and Physical Condition of Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) Experimentally Infected with Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa

The predilection muscles of Trichinella spiralis and T. nativa were studied in 2 experimental groups of 6 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), the third group serving as a control for clinical signs. The infe...

Authors: T. Mikkonen, L. Oivanen, A. Näreaho, H. Helin and A. Sukura

Influence of Ileo-Caecal Cannulation and Oxytetracycline on Ileo-Caecal and Rectal Coliform Populations in Pigs

The effect of surgery (insertion of an ileo-caecal cannula) and a subsequent parenteral treatment with oxytetracycline on the ileo-caecal and rectal coliform populations in 7 Swedish Yorkshire castrates were s...

Authors: A. Högberg, J.E. Lindberg and P. Wallgren

Osteoarthrosis of the Antebrachiocarpal Joint of 7 Riding Horses

Osteoarthrosis (OA) of the antebrachiocarpal joint from 7 riding horses is described. The horses were old mares and developed severe OA, with ankylosis in some of the joints. The lesions were bilateral, and th...

Authors: L-E. Magnusson and S. Ekman

An Unusual Congenital Malformation in a Calf with Serological Evidence of Foetal Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Infection

Authors: I. Yeruham, M. Michael and S. Perl

The Effect of Two Different Oxytetracycline Treatments in Experimental Ehrlichia phagocytophilaInfected Lambs

The effect of 2 different oxytetracycline treatments in acute E. phagocytophila infected lambs was investigated. Twenty 5-month-old lambs of the Dala and Rygja breeds were used. Ten lambs were inoculated intraven...

Authors: S Stuen and K Bergström