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Cellular Immunity to Canine Mammary Tumor Cells Demonstrated by the Leucocyte Migration Technique

Påvisning av cellulær immunitet mot jursvulstceller hos hund ved hjælp av leukocytt-migrasjonshemmingstest

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 16, pages 95–114 (1975)Cite this article

Abstract

Cellular immunity to canine mammary tumor cells was studied by means of the leucocyte migration technique (LMT). Intact tumor cells, separated either by enzymatical or mechanical disruption, were used as antigen, and efforts were made to cultivate tumor cells in vitro. Fifteen female tumorous dogs were studied, and 12 non-tumorous mainly male dags were used as controls. Leucocytes from tumor-bearing females were mixed with own autologous or foreign homologous tumor cells, and control leucocytes were presented with cells from the same source. In addition, leucocytes from tumorous animals and controls were mixed.

Animal group A comprised 8 tumor-bearing females. In this group mixtures of different cell numbers and different tumor cell/leucocyte ratios were tried. Animal group B comprised 7 tumor-bearing females, and 40 × 106 leucocytes from these were mixed with 2 × 106 antigencells, antigen-cell/leucocyte ratio 0.05. A great number of tumor cells (tumor cell/leucocyte ratio > 0.05) caused strong non-specific inhibition of leucocyte migration, but in spite of marked inhibition (< 61%) in the homologous system in animal group A, inhibition in the autologous system was found to be stronger (72.2–92.3%). In animal group B, dogs presented with own tumor cells showed marked inhibition (23.7–90.1%), while the controls showed a migration inhibition below 20%. Mixtures of homologous leucocytes showed inhibition of the same order as mixtures of control leucocytes and tumor cells. Thus evidence of cellular immunity against own canine mammary tumor cells was obtained. It proved difficult to cultivate the tumor cells for more than 2–3 passages. Some evidence of antigenic cross reactivity was obtained between 2 adenocarcinomas. Enzymatical separation of tumor cells did not seem to alter antigenic characteristics of the cell surface. Mechanical separation, however, proved to be simpler, more rapid and yielded cell suspensions largely free of debris, and is therefore recommended for further work.

Sammendrag

Cellulær immunitet mot jursvulstceller hos hund ble undersøkt ved hjelp av migrasjonshemmingstest (leucocyte migration technique, L.M.T.). Intakte svulstceller, separert enzymatisk eller mekanisk, ble brukt som antigen, og anleggelse av svulstcellekulturer ble forsøkt. Femten tisper med jursvulst ble undersøkt, og 12 dyr uten svulster, hovedsakelig hanhunder ble brukt som kontroller. Leukocytter fra tispe med jursvulst ble blandet med egne (autologe) svulstceller eller fremmede (homologe) dyrkede svulstceller fra en annen tispe. Leukocytter fra kontrollene ble blandet med de samme svulstcellene. I tillegg ble leukocytter fra dyr med og uten svulster blandet.

Gruppe A omfattet 8 tisper med svulst i juret. I denne gruppen ble forskjellige antall celler blandet, og ulike svulstcelle/leukocyttforhold utprøvd. Gruppe B omfattet 7 tisper med jursvulst, og 40 × 106 leukocytter fra disse ble blandet med 2 × 106 svulstceller, antigencelle/leukocytt ratio 0,05. Et stort antall svulstceller (svulstcelle/leukocytt ratio > 0,05) forårsaket sterk uspesifikk migrasjonshemming. I gruppe A fant man således en relativt sterk inhibisjon (< 61%) i det homologe system, men hemmingen i det autologe system ble likevel funnet å være større (72,2–92,3%). I gruppe B viste tisper presentert med egne svulstceller en hemming på 23,7–90,1%, mens 5 av 6 hanndyr uten svulster presentert for andre dyrs svulstceller viste en migrasjonshemming som var under 20%. Blandinger av homologe leukocytter ga hemming av samme grad som blanding av kontrollleukocytter og svulstceller. Det er således sterke holdepunkter for at jursvulster hos hund er assosiert med en cellulær immunreaksjon fra kroppens side.

Det viste seg vanskelig å dyrke svulstcellene lengre enn 2–3 passasjer. Holdepunkter for antigen kryssreaktivitet mellom to adenocarcinomer ble funnet.

Enzymatisk separasjon av svulstcellene så ikke ut til å forandre eller ødelegge de antigene komponenter på svulstcelleoverflaten, men mekanisk separasjon viste seg å være enklere, hurtigere og ga cellesuspensjoner som for størsteparten var fri for ødelagte celler og cellegrums. Mekanisk separasjon anbefales derfor ved videre undersøkeiser.

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  1. Martha J. Ulvund

    Present address: State Veterinary Research Station for Small Ruminants, 4301, Sandnes, Norway

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Veterinary College of Norway, Postboks 8146, Oslo Dep., Oslo 1, Norway

    Martha J. Ulvund

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  1. Martha J. Ulvund
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Scholarship recipient, The Agricultural Research Council of Norway.

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Ulvund, M.J. Cellular Immunity to Canine Mammary Tumor Cells Demonstrated by the Leucocyte Migration Technique. Acta Vet Scand 16, 95–114 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546699

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Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

ISSN: 1751-0147