- Published:
Effect of Dietary and Injectable Vitamin E on the Antioxidant Status of Pigs
Virkningen af vitamin E som fodertilskud, henholdsvis injektion, på den biologiske antioxydantstatus hos svin
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 24, pages 259–268 (1983)
Abstract
An experiment concerning 6 different vitamin E treatments was conducted with 30 young pigs. From 4 to 15 weeks of age the pigs were kept in individual pens and fed a selenium supplemented basal diet consisting mostly of propionic acid treated barley and soybean meal, and containing 4.4 mg vitamin E per kg. The treatments were periods with or without vitamin E supplement (20 mg/kg) or a vitamin E injection (200 mg). Blood samples collected during the period of investigation were examined for vitamin E and for resistance against erythrocyte lipid peroxidation (ELP) in order to evaluate the antioxidant status.
Analysis of variance showed a litter effect on ELP values at all the weekly investigations and a treatment effect from two weeks after the experiment had started. Also the blood vitamin E level was litter dependent and influenced by treatment. Paired comparisons by Student’s t-test showed a delay of 1 to 2 weeks in the effect on ELP of a dietary vitamin E supplement. In contrast, both ELP and vitamin E changed very rapidly (hours) after vitamin E injections.
Independently of the vitamin E treatments there was a rise in ELP within the first 2 or 3 weeks after weaning; this was taken as an index of a reduced antioxidant status during that period.
Sammendrag
Ialt 30 grise blev i perioden fra de blev fravænnet 4 uger gamle og til de var 15 uger garnie holdt i enkeltstier og fodret med et selen-beriget grundfoder hovedsagelig bestående af propionsyrebehandlet byg og soyaskrå og indeholdende 4,4 mg α-tocopherol pr. kg. Der blev anvendt 6 forsøgsbehandlinger i form af vitamin-E injektion eller forskellige perioder med et vitamin-E tilskud på 20 mg α-tocopherol-acetat pr. kg foder. Blodprøver udtaget 2 gange i forsøgsperioden blev undersøgt for vitamin-E indhold i plasma, ligesom blodlegemernes resistens mod peroksydering (ELP) blev besternt ugentlig for herved at vurdere grisenes antioxydantstatus.
Ved variansanalyse fandtes en konstant kuldeffekt på ELP-vser-dierne, ligesom disse var afhsengige af forsøgsbehandlingerne fra 2 uger efter forsøgets start og forsøgsperioden ud. Også blodets vitamin-E indhold var influeret af kuld og forsøgsbehandling. Ved parrede sammenligninger (t-test) fandtes ELP først at aendre sig signifikant 1–2 uger efter at et vitamin-E-tilskud til foderet var påbegyndt. Når vitamin-E blev givet som injektionsbehandling, skete ELP-a3ndringerne i løbet af få timer.
Uafhaengig af ora grisene fik vitamin-E-tilskud eller ej fandtes der en nedsat resistens mod peroksydering (forhøjede ELP værdier) i de første 2 til 3 uger efter forsøgets start (fravænningsperioden) som tegn på en nedsat antioxydantstatus i denne periode.
References
Fontaine, M. & V. E. O. Valli: Studies on vitamin E and selenium deficiency in young pigs. II. The hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test and the measure of red cell lipid peroxides as indices of vitamin E and selenium status. Ganad. J. comp. Med. 1977, 41, 52–56.
Gallo-Torres, H. E.: Transport and Metabolism. In: Vitamin E. A comprehensive treatise. L. J. Machlin (Ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel 1980, pp. 193–267.
Hakkarainen, J., P. Lindberg, G. Bengtsson & L. Jönsson: Combined therapeutic effect of dietary selenium and vitamin E on manifested VESD syndrome in weaned pigs. Acta vet. scand. 1978, 19, 285–297.
Helwig, J. T. & K. A. Council: SAS User’s Guide. SAS Institute, Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A. 1979, 494 pp.
Jensen, P. Thode, V. Danielsen & H. E. Nielsen: Glutathione peroxidase activity and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation as indices of selenium and vitamin E status in young pigs. Acta vet. scand. 1979, 20, 92–101.
Jensen, P. Thode, H. E. Nielsen, V. Danielsen & T. Leth: Effect of dietary fat quality and vitamin E on the antioxidant potential of pigs. Acta vet. scand. 1983, 24, 135–147.
Mahan, D. C. & A. L. Moxon: Effect of dietary selenium and injectable vitamin E-selenium for weaning swine. Nutr. Report. Int. 1980, 21, 829–836.
Moir, D. C. & H. C. Master: Hepatosis dietetica, nutritional myopathy, mulberry heart disease and associated hepatic selenium level in pigs. Aust. vet. J. 1979, 55, 360–364.
Pedersen, K. B. & M. G. Simesen: Feed supplementation with selenium in relation to the vitamin E-selenium deficiency syndrom in pigs. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1977, 29, 161–165.
Simesen, M. G., P. Thode Jensen, A. Basse, G. Gissel-Nielsen, T. Leth, V. Danielsen & H. E. Nielsen: Clinico-pathologic findings in young pigs fed different levels of selenium, vitamin E and antioxidant. Acta vet. scand. 1982, 23, 295–308.
Simesen, M. G., H. E. Nielsen, V. Danielsen, G. Gissel-Nielsen, W. Hjarde, T. Leth & A. Basse: Selenium and vitamin E deficiency in pigs. II. Influence on plasma selenium, vitamin E, ASAT and ALAT and on tissue selenium. Acta vet. scand. 1979, 20, 289–305.
Van Vleet, J. F., K. B. Meyer, H. J. Olander & G. R. Ruth: Efficacy and safety of selenium-vitamin E injections in newborn pigs to prevent subclinical deficiency in growing swine. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1975, 36, 387–393.
Van Vleet, J. F.: Comparative efficacy of five supplementation procedures to control selenium-vitamin E deficiency in swine. Amer. J. vet. Res, 1982, 43, 1180–1189.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jensen, P.T., Danielsen, V., Nielsen, H.E. et al. Effect of Dietary and Injectable Vitamin E on the Antioxidant Status of Pigs. Acta Vet Scand 24, 259–268 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546729
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546729