Skip to main content
  • Published:

Onset of Luteal Activity in Foaling and Seasonally Anoestrous Mares Treated with Artificial Light

Igångsättning av lutealfasen hos fölston och anöstrala ston behandlade med artificielt ljus.

Abstract

Sixty-four mares (27 foaling, 37 barren or maiden), mainly Finnhorses, were subjected to treatment with 14.5 h of light and 9.5 h of darkness, starting at the beginning of December. The onset of cycling in non-foaling mares was estimated by weekly serum progesterone determinations. All of the non-foaling mares cycled in the middle of March. They started to cycle on average in the middle of February, 11.1 weeks after the beginning of the trial. There were statistically significant differences in relation to breed (Finnhorses started to cycle 2 weeks later than warm blooded, p < 0.02) and in relation to age (brood mares with mean age 10 years, started to cycle 10 days later than those 3 years old, p < 0.03). However, there was no statistical significant relation to previous lactation, although lactating mares lactating up to the previous autumn started to cycle 7 days later than dry mares (p < 0.15).

Artificial insemination of 14 mares in the 2nd oestrus of the year, in March, resulted in 12 foalings in the subsequent year (86 %).

The following winter, all pregnant mares (N = 27) were exposed to the same kind of light treatment, starting on 1st December. The 1st mare foaled at the end of January. The time from foaling to 1st post partum ovulation was significantly longer (17.0 days) in foalings taking place within 10 weeks from the beginning of the light treatment period, than in foalings occurring after more than 10 weeks of lighting (12.1 days)(p < 0.01).

Sammanfattning

Sextiofyra ston (huvudsakligen finnhästar) av vilka 27 var fölston och 37 subfertila eller virginella ston, utsattes dagligen för 14,5 timmars artificiellt ljus åtföljt av 9,5 timmars mörker – behandlingen inleddes i början av december. Initieringen av brunstcykeln hos de icke-fölande stona fastställdes med hjälp av progesteronhalten i blodprover tagna en gång per vecka. I mitten av mars var alla icke-fölande ston igång med sin brunstcykel; igångsättningen skedde i genomsnitt i mitten av februari, dvs. 11.1 veckor efter det att studien påbörjades. Följande signifikanta skillnader påvisades: 1) ras: finnhästarna visade brunst 2 veckor senare än varmblodiga ston (p < 0.02); 2 ålder: ston som fölat (genomsnittsålder 10 år) inledde ovulationscykeln 10 dygn senare än treåriga ston (p < 0.03). Ingen signifikans påvisades däremot i relation till tidigare laktation, utom hos ston som hade lakterat under foregående höst. Dessa ston inledde brunstcykeln 7 dygn senare än de övriga stona (p < 0.15). Artificiell insemination av 14 ston under deras andra brunst för året (i mars) resulterade i 12 fölningar (86 %) under det följande året.

Följande vinter utsattes dräktiga ston (N = 27) för samma ljusbehandling med början 1 december. Det första stoet fölade i slutet av januari. Intervallet melian fölning och den första Ovulationen var signifikant längre (17.0 dygn) hos de ston som fölat inom 10 veckor efter påbörjad ljusbehandling jämfört med ston som fölat senare an 10 veckor efter inledd ljusbehandling (17.0 vs. 12.1 dygn, p < 0.01).

References

  • Allen WR: Practical control of anestrus in thoroughbred broodmares. In: Endocrine causes of seasonal and lactational anoestrus in farm animals. Martinus Nijhof Publishers, Dordrecht 1985, pp 98–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkhardt J: Transition from anoestrus in the mare and the effects of artificial lighting. J. Agr. Sci. 1947, 37, 64–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper WL, Wert NE: Wintertime breeding of mares using artificial light and insemination: six years’ experience. Proc. 21st Amer. Ass. Equine Pract. 1975, pp 245–253.

  • Freedman LJ, Garcia MC, Ginther OJ: Influence of photoperiod and ovaries on seasonal reproductive activity in mares. Biol. Reprod. 1979, 20, 567–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kenney RM, Ganjam VK, Bergman R V: Non-infectious breeding problems in mares. Veterinary Scope 1975, 19, 16–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koskinen E: Post-partum ovarian activity in Finn-horse mares with special reference to seasonal effects. Acta vet. scand. 1991, 32, 000–000.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koskinen E, Katila T: Onset of luteal activity in non-foaling mares during the early breeding season in Finland. Acta vet. scand. 1991, 32, 319–325.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kooistra LH, Ginther OJ: Effect of photoperiod on reproductive activity and hair in mares. Amer J. vet. Res. 1975, 36, 1413–1419.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loy RG: Effects of artificial lighting regimens on reproductive patterns in mares. Proc. 14th Amer. Ass. Equine Pract. 1968, pp 159–169.

  • Loy RG: Characteristics of postpartum reproduction in mares. Vet. Clin. N. Amer. Large Anim. Pract. 1980, 2, 345–359.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishikawa Y: Studies on Reproduction in Horses. Japan Racing Association, Tokyo, Japan, 1959, pp 43–48.

  • Oxender WD, Noden PA, Hafs HD: Estrus, ovulation, and serum progesterone, estradiol, and LH concentrations in mares after an increased photoperiod during winter. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1977, 38, 203–207.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer E: Reproductive management of mares without detection of oestrus. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1979, Suppl. 27, 263–270.

  • Palmer E, Driancourt MA, Ortavant R: Photoperiodic stimulation of the mare during winter anestrus. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1982, Suppl. 32, 275–282.

  • Palmer E, Driancourt MA: Some interactions of season of foaling, photoperiod and ovarian activity in the equine. Livestock Prod. Sci. 1983, 10, 197–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scraba ST, Ginther OJ: Effects of lighting programs on onset of the ovulatory season in mares. Theriogenology 1985, 24, 667–679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharp DC, Ginther OJ: Effects of light and temperature in anestrous mares. J. Anim. Sci. 1973, 36, 250–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharp, DC, OJ Ginther: Stimulation of follicular activity and estrous behavior in anestrous mares with light and temperature. J. Anim. Sci. 1975, 41, 1368–1372.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharp DC: Transition into the breeding season: clues to the mechanisms of seasonality. Equine vet. J. 1988, 20, 159–161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Koskinen, E., Kurki, E. & Katila, T. Onset of Luteal Activity in Foaling and Seasonally Anoestrous Mares Treated with Artificial Light. Acta Vet Scand 32, 307–312 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546959

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546959

Keywords