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Evaluation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Detection of Taenia saginata Cysticercosis in Cattle

Vurdering af en ELISA-metode til påvisning af Taenia saginata hos kvæg

Abstract

Serum IgG response of cattle with cysticercosis caused by Taenia saginata was studied in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) where a T. saginata metacestode surface extract was used as antigen. In experimentally infected calves, a sharp rise in specific antibody levels was found 3–4 weeks after the infection followed by a slow decrease. Preinfection levels were reached 2.5 years after infection. The serological level of detection corresponded to about 25 cysts. The ELISA was employed in cattle herds where cysticercosis outbreaks had occurred and also in supposedly uninfected herds. Significantly increased antibody levels were found in the herds with massive cysticercosis cases. The test was not adapted for individual diagnosis as some animals of the uninfected herds, especially within the older age groups, had elevated antibody values. The ELISA was, however, useful in the investigation of outbreaks to determine the extent and pattern of the infection in the herd. The rate of decline in antibody levels in these herds was studied by follow up sampling. The increased antibody levels in the infected herds were also reflected in colostrum-fed calves. This observation was employed to estimate the time of infection.

Sammendrag

Ved hjælp af en ELISA-teknik blev IgG-antistof-respons målt i serum fra kvæg med bovin cysticercose. Som antigen anvendtes et Taenia saginata metacestode overfladeekstrakt.

I eksperimentelt inficerede kalve sås efter 3–4 uger en markant stigning i titeren af specifikt antistof, efterfulgt af et langsomt fald, hvorved præ-infektionsniveau blev nået 2 1/2 år p.i. Den serologiske detektionsgrænse svarede til et infektionsniveau på omkring 25 tinter/dyr.

ELISA-testen blev afprøvet i besætninger med udbrud af bovin cysticercose, samt besætninger, hvor der ikke var påvist cysticercose i slagtedyr. Testen blev ikke fundet brugbar til individuel diagnostik i besætninger med ukendt smittestatus, da detektionsgrænsen var for høj, og fordi der i formodede uinficerede besætninger fandtes enkelte dyr med forhøjede antistoftitre, især blandt ældre dyr.

Signifikant forhøjet antistofniveau blev påvist i sera fra besætninger med massive cystecercoseudbrud (”tintestorme”), og her fandtes ELISA-testen egnet til at kortlægge smittemønstre og -omfang på besætningsplan. I eet tilfælde blev testen brugt til at fastslå smittetidspunktet, da der fandtes forhøjede titre i kolostrumfodrede kalve født efter en bestemt dato.

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Kyvsgaard, N.C., Ilsøe, B., Aage Henriksen, S. et al. Evaluation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Detection of Taenia saginata Cysticercosis in Cattle. Acta Vet Scand 32, 233–241 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546985

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