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Canine Antinuclear Antibodies: Comparison of Immunofluorescence Staining Patterns and Precipitin Reactivity

Antinukleära antikroppar hos hund: En jämförande studie melian immunfluorescensmönster och precipiterande antikroppar

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 40, pages 205–212 (1999)Cite this article

Abstract

The occurrence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) against several specific nuclear antigens is clearly associated with certain systemic rheumatic disorders in human patients. Determination of ANAs on a routine basis, usually by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) technique, has therefore become an important diagnostic tool. The subdividing of positive ANA-sera into different nuclear IIF staining patterns often gives clues to antibody specificity. The present investigation aimed at studying whether such subgroups of staining patterns in IIF ANA positive canine sera may represent certain specific ANAs that can be verified by standard methods used for specificity determination in humans.

The presence of precipitating antibodies, determined by the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion (ID) technique, was found to be strictly associated with a positive IIF ANA, exhibiting a speckled staining pattern without any chromosomal reactivity. None of the sera with chromosomal reactivity contained precipitating antibodies. Among the ID positive serum samples, different antigenic reactivities were detected, represented by different ID subgroups. Only 1 of the 4 main subgroups obtained by ID showed identity with any of the common and disease-associated human ANA specificities, exhibiting anti-RNP reactivity. One of these serum samples concomitantly exhibited precipitating antibodies against the Sm antigen.

Sammanfattning

Förekomst av antinukleära antikroppar (ANA) mot ett flertal specifika nukleära antigen är stärkt associerat till vissa reumatiska systemsjukdomar hos människa. Som en viktig del i diagnostiken av dessa sjukdomar utförs därför rutinmässigt, med en indirekt immunfluorescensteknik (IIF), den sk ANA-testen. Baserat på utseendet på immunfluorescensmönstret har man kunnat dela in de ANA-positiva patientproverna i undergrupper, som ofta kan kopplas till en specifik antikroppsreaktivitet. Vanligtvis behöver man dock gå vidare med ytterligare undersökningar för att kunna verifiera den exakta antikroppsspecificiteten. Målsättningen med denna studie var att undersöka om olika fluorescensmönster vid positiv IIF ANA hos hund representerar olika specifika antikroppsreaktiviteter som kan påvisas med standardtekniker som används inom humandiagnostiken. Förekomst av precipiterande antikroppar, undersökta med immunodiffusionsteknik (ID) enligt Ouchterlony, visade sig vara starkt associerat med en positiv IIF ANA med ett kornigt fluorescensmönster utan samtidig kromosomal reaktivitet. Inga sera med kromosomal reaktivitet gav upphov till precipiterande antikroppar. Bland de ID-positiva serumproverna kunde i sin tur olika undergrupper av precipiterande antikroppar påvisas. Endast en av de fyra undergrupper som erhölls vid ID visade identitet med någon av de vanliga sjukdomsassocierade humana ANA-specificiteterna. Denna grupp uppvisade en specifik RNP (ribonucleoprotein) reaktivitet, där ett av serumproverna dessutom gav upphov till en samtidig Sm (Smith) reaktivitet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7037, S-75007, Uppsala, Sweden

    H. Hansson

  2. Haugesund County Hospital, Haugesund, Norway

    A. Karlsson-Parra

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  1. H. Hansson
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  2. A. Karlsson-Parra
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Correspondence to H. Hansson.

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Hansson, H., Karlsson-Parra, A. Canine Antinuclear Antibodies: Comparison of Immunofluorescence Staining Patterns and Precipitin Reactivity. Acta Vet Scand 40, 205–212 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547018

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Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

ISSN: 1751-0147