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Local Tissue Damage in Cows after Intramuscular Administration of Preparations Containing Phenylbutazone, Flunixin, Ketoprofen and Metamizole

Lokal vävnadsirritation i kor efter intramuskulära injektioner med fenylbutazon, flunixin, Ketoprofen, och metamizol

Abstract

Tissue irritation after intramuscular injections of 4 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents was studied in 5 lactating cows. Preparations containing phenylbutazone, flunixin, metamizole (dipyrone) and ketoprofen were investigated; physiological saline was used as a control substance. Tissue reactions at the injection sites were examined by palpation and by determining serum creatine kinase. A kinetic method based on creatine kinase released from the injured muscle tissue was used, which allowed estimation of the amount of damaged muscle. The metamizole preparation clearly provoked signs of pain in all the cows. After flunixin and phenylbutazone injections slight reactions were observed, and ketoprofen and saline did not cause any clinical signs. Some palpatory findings after injections were found for all the preparations except saline. Based on serum creatine kinase, the 2 most irritating preparations were the ones containing flunixin and phenylbutazone. After injections of these 2 substances, the estimated amount of damaged muscle was about 80 grams. The statistical difference between flunixin and phenylbutazone and the other 2 preparations was significant. Physiological saline had no effect on serum creatine kinase. For preparations containing phenylbutazone and flunixin, intravenous administration is recommended.

Sammanfattning

Vävnadsirritation orsakad av intramuskulära injektioner med fyra non-steroidala anti-inflammatoriska agenser studerades på fem lakterande kor. De undersökta preparaten innehöll fenylbutazon, flunixin, ketoprofen, och metamizol (dipyron). Fysiologisk saltlösning användes som kontroll. Injektionsstillena palperades noggrant for att hitta möjliga lokala reaktioner, och kreatinkinas koncentrationen i serum bestämdes före och efter injiceringen av läkemedlen. En kinetisk metod grundad på kreatinkinas avsöndrad från den förstörda muskelvävnaden användes. Med denna metoden var det möjligt att uppskatta mängden av förstörd muskelvävnad. Metamizol-preparatet orsakade tydliga smärtsymptom hos alla kor; flunixin och fenylbutazon orsakade lindriga symptom medan ketoprofen och saltlösningen inte fororsakade kliniska symptom. Vissa palpatoriska reaktioner efter injektionerna kunde konstateras efter alla preparat utom saltlösningen. Enligt bedömning baserad på serumets kreatinkinasnivå fororsakade de preparat som innehöll flunixin eller fenylbutazon de kraftigaste reaktionerna. Efter injektioner med dessa två läkemedel, var den beräknade mängden av förstörd muskel 80 gram. Den statistiska skillnaden mellan flunixin samt fenylbutazon och de andra läkemedlen var signifikant. Fysiologisk saltlösning påverkade inte serumhalten av kreatinkinas. Vi rekommenderar att fenylbutazon och flunixin skulle ges intravenöst.

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Pyörälä, S., Laurila, T., Lehtonen, S. et al. Local Tissue Damage in Cows after Intramuscular Administration of Preparations Containing Phenylbutazone, Flunixin, Ketoprofen and Metamizole. Acta Vet Scand 40, 145–150 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547031

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