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Osteochondrosis and Arthrosis in Pigs

I. Incidence in Animals up to 120 KG Live Weight

Osteochondrose og arthrose hos gris

I. Forekomst hos dyr opp til 120 kg levende vekt

Abstract

Joint and bone lesions in growing pigs are described on the basis of post-mortem examination of 341 gilts, boars or castrates from 10 to 120 kg live weight, and 869 separate bones from pigs between 80 and 115 kg live weight at slaughter. No evidence of rickets or generalized osteodystrophia fibrosa was found. Lesions occurred in both sexes. The typical osteochondral lesions were most often symmetrical, occurred at certain sites in joints and epiphyseal plates and were most obvious in the elbow and stifle joint, and in the distal epiphyseal plate of the ulna. Lesions of varying degree could be demonstrated in most pigs at 90–100 kg live weight. The use of the diagnosis osteochondrosis is suggested for local primary non-inflammatory disturbances which lead to a failure of endochondral ossification in joint cartilage as well as in epiphyseal plates. The diagnosis arthrosis is used when the superficial layer of the joint cartilage is affected. Investigations of the early changes in the medial condyle of the femur suggest that the osteochondral lesions start in the deep layers of the joint cartilage. Arthrosis occurred frequently in the lumbar intervertebral joints of Norwegian pigs. Otherwise the lesions appeared to be identical with those described from other countries.

Sammendrag

Ledd- og skjelettlesjoner hos voksende griser er beskrevet etter post mortem undersøkelse av 341 purker, råner og kastrater fra 10 til 120 kg levende vekt, og 869 enkeltknokler fra griser mellom 80 og 115 kg levende vekt ved slakting. Det ble ikke påvist rakitt eller osteodystrofia fibrosa generalisata. Lesjonene opptrådte hos begge kjønn. De typiske osteochondrale lesjonene var oftest symmetriske, opptrådte på bestemte steder i ledd og epifyseplater og var mest uttalt i albu- og bakkneledd, og i den distale epifyseplate av ulna. Lesjoner av forskjellig grad ble påvist hos de fleste griser ved 90–100 kg levende vekt. En foreslår å brake diagnosen Osteochondrose om lokale, primært ikke-infeksiøse forstyrrelser som fører til svikt i den endochondrale forbeining, både i leddbrusk og epifyseplater. Diagnosen arthrose er brakt når den overflatiske del av leddbrusken er affisert. Undersøkeiser av forandringer på et tidlig stadium i den mediale condyl av femur, tyder på at de osteochondrale lesjonene starter i det dype lag av leddbrusken. Arthrose forekom ofte i intervertebralledda i lumbaldelen av ryggen hos norske griser. Ellers synes lesjonene å være identiske med de som er beskrevet fra andre land.

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The work was supported by grants from the Agricultural Research Council of Norway.

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Grøndalen, T. Osteochondrosis and Arthrosis in Pigs. Acta Vet Scand 15, 1–25 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547490

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