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Parapoxvirus Papillomatosis in the Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus): Genetical Differences between the Virus Causing New Outbreak in a Vaccinated Herd, the Vaccine Virus and a Local Orf Virus

Parapox papillomatose i moskus (Ovibus moschatus): Genetiske forskjeller mellom virus som forårsaker nytt uttbrudd i vaksinerte dyr, vaksine viruset og et lokalt orf virus.

Abstract

Since 1981 a domesticated muskoxen herd had been successfully vaccinated against papillomatosis with homogenated, glutaraldehyde inactivated papilloma tissue. In the fall of 1985 a new clinical outbreak of disease occurred, affecting previously infected as well as vaccinated animals.

The purification of parapox virions directly from papilloma tissue and orf scabs collected in a local sheep farm was followed by restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA. The morphological identity of purified virus was controlled by electron microscopy. Comparison of restriction endonuclease digests (10 different enzymes) by gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the muskoxen parapoxvirus from the new outbreak 1985 differed considerably from the 2 other isolates (muskoxen 1981 and local orf). The latter viruses demonstrated a high degree of homology, but differences were evident after digestion with the enzyme EcoRI. During metrizamide gradient purification minor bands containing morphologically intact virions were isolated in addition to the major fractions. The restriction enzyme digests indicated that the virions of the minor bands differed from those in the major bands.

Sammendrag

Siden 1981 ble en gruppe domestiserte moskusokser gitt god beskyttelse mot papillomatose gjennom vaksinering med et homogenat av glutaraldehyd inaktivert papilloma vev. Høsten 1985 skjedde et nytt utbrudd av sykdommen som også berørte tidligere infiserte og vaksinerte dyr.

Parapoxvirioner renset direkte fra papillomavev og munnskurv (Ecthyma contagiosum) fra sauer på et lokalt gårdsbruk ble brukt til restriksjonsenzymana-lyse av viralt DNA. Den morfologiske identiteten til renset virus ble verifisert gjennom elektronmikroskopiske undersøkeiser. Sammenligninger av restriksjonsenzym spaltet DNA (10 forskjellige enzymer) separert ved gelelektroforese viste at parapox virus fra det nye utbruddet i 1985 var klart forskjellig fra de 2 andre isolatene (moskusokser fra 1981 og sau). De sistnevnte hadde derimot en høy grad av homologi, men noen forskjeller kom fram ved spalting med enzymet EcoRI. Ved metrizamid gradient rensing av virus fra alle 3 isolater ble det i tillegg til hovedfraksjonen isolert morfologiske intakte virus fra et mindre band. Restriksjonsenzymspalting indikerte at virus fra de minste bandene var forskjellig fra hovedfraksjonene.

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Moens, U., Wold, I., Mathiesen, S.D. et al. Parapoxvirus Papillomatosis in the Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus): Genetical Differences between the Virus Causing New Outbreak in a Vaccinated Herd, the Vaccine Virus and a Local Orf Virus. Acta Vet Scand 31, 17–25 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547573

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