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Ovine White-Liver Disease (OWLD) in Norway: Clinical Symptoms and Preventive Measures

Kvitleversjuke (kobolt/vitamin B12 mangel) hos lam i Norge. Kliniske symptomer og preventive tiltak.

Abstract

During 6 years, altogether 458 twin lambs of the Dala and Rygja breeds with their dams were put on ovine white-liver disease (OWLD) pastures which were moderately, heavily or not cobalt fertilized, or on control pastures 15 km apart. Groups of lambs were untreated, regularly dosed with Co sulphate or vitamin Bn, dosed with Co pellets, copper oxide needles (CuO), selenium pellets or Co-Se-Cu glass boli, or had access to Co enriched salt lick. Clinical symptoms in untreated lambs included varying degree of reduced weight gain or loss of weight appearing after 6–12 weeks on pasture, at an age of 10–15 weeks. Additional symptoms were seen 2–4 weeks later, including inappetence, listlessness, and often serous eye discharge and crusty ears. Of the untreated lambs on OWLD pastures 18% died or were eutanized because of OWLD. The condition was preventable by Co or B12 administration, which yielded an average increase of mid Sept. live weights of between 8 and 17 kg. Co fertilization of pastures, use of Co enriched salt lick, or dosing with Co pellets are recommended under practical circumstances. The lambs grazing control pastures were on average 17 kg heavier by mid Sept. than the OWLD lambs. They showed some weight increase on extra Co supply.

Sammendrag

Iløpet av en 6-års periode inngikk 458 Dala- og Rygjalam med mødre i beiteforsøk for å belyse sjukdommen kvitleversjuke (Co/B12-mangel). Grupper av lam gikk på beiter hvor sjukdommen forekommer årvisst, på deler av disse som ble gjødslet med kobolt, eller på kontrollbeiter. Lamina var enten ubehandlet, ble dosert regelmessig med koboltsulfat eller Β12, ble engangsdosert med koboltpellets, kopperoksydnåler, selenpellets, eller kobolt/selen/kopper glassboli, eller hadde tilgang til kobolt saltslikkestein. De kliniske symptomene omfattet varierende grad av redusert tilvekst og vekttap som viste seg etter 6–12 veker på beitet, når lamma var 10–15 veker gamle. To til fire veker seinere ble lamma likegyldige og uinteresserte i graset, og fikk gjerne serøst øyeflod og småskorper på ørene. 18 % av de ubehandla lamma ble avlivet eller døde pga. sjukdommen, som lot seg forebygge ved tilførsel av kobolt eller B12. Slik tilførsel resulterte i at lamma i gjennomsnitt ble 8–17 kg tyngre i september. Under liknende forhold anbefales koboltgjødsling av beitene, bruk av kobolt slikkestein eller dosering med koboltpellets. Lamma som gikk på kontrollbeitene var i gjennomsnitt 17 kg tyngre i september enn dem som gikk på sjukdomsbeitene, men også disse viste noe tilvekstøkning ved ekstra kobolttilførsel.

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Ulvund, M.J., Pestalozzi, M. Ovine White-Liver Disease (OWLD) in Norway: Clinical Symptoms and Preventive Measures. Acta Vet Scand 31, 53–62 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547577

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