- Published:
Indigestion in Young Calves
Indigestion hos unge kalver: IV. Lesjoner i vompapillene hos unge kalver fôret med bygg og bygg og høy
IV. Lesions of Ruminal Papillae in Young Calves Fed Barley and Barley Plus Hay
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 19, pages 377–391 (1978)
Abstract
Fiftysix calves, in 2 similar experiments, were given 1 of 4 diets including a high lactose milk replacer: ground barley (GB), ground barley plus coarse hay (GB + GH), coarse hay (CH) and the liquid diet only (NS) ; the 2 last diets were held as controls. The calves were on the experimental diet from 1–2 weeks of age until slaughtered at 7-8 weeks of age. As observed by stereo-microscopy, the ruminai papillae in calves fed on GB were thickened, mostly finger- or club-shaped and sometimes nodular; nodular papillae were always arranged on prominent mucosal folds. Scattered nodular papillae had white coats. For calves fed on GB + CH the papillae were mostly finger- or tongue-shaped. Histologically papillae in calves fed on GB had hyperplasia of secondary papillae and epithelial layers. Microabscesses associated with penetrating hairs were frequent, and some calves had dyskeratosis with infiltration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes at the apex of papillae, identified as the white coats. For calves given GB+CH, abscesses and apical dyskeratosis were absent and the hyperplasia of epithelial layers milder than in the case of the GB diet. An ameliorative effect of hay on papillary changes caused by barley is indicated.
Sammendrag
Femtiseks kalver i 2 like forsøk ble gitt én av 4 dietter inkludert laktoserik mjølkeerstatning: Byggrøpp (GB), byggrøpp og grovt høy (GB + CH), grovt høy (CH) og bare mjølkeerstaining (NS). Kalvene stod i forsøket fra 1–2 til 7–8 ukers alder da de ble slaktet. Stereo-mikroskopisk var vompapillene hos kalver gitt GB for det meste finger-og kølleformede eller nodulaere; nodulaere papiller var alltid plassert på folder i mucosa. Apex av enkelte nodulaere papiller var dekket av hvite kapper. Hos kalver gitt GB + CH var papillene mest finger- eller tungeformede. Histologisk hadde kalver gitt GB hyperplasi av sekun-daerpapillene og epitelet. Penetrasjon av hår med mikroabscessdannelse var hyppig, og noen kalver hadde dyskeratose med infiltrasjon av polymorfkjernede leukocytter på toppen av papillene; denne lesjon viste seg å vaere identisk med de hvite kapper. Vompapillene hos kalver på GB + CH diett hadde ikke abscessdannelser eller dyskeratose og hyperplasien av epitelet var mindre enn på GB diett. Høy synes å motvirke den skadelige effekten av bygg på vompapillene.
References
Fell, B. F., M. Kay, F. G. Whitelaw & R. Boyne: Observations on the development of ruminal lesions in calves fed on barley. Res. vet. Sci. 1968, 9, 458–466.
Gilliland, R. L., L. J. Bush & J. D. Friend: Relation of ration composition to rumen development in early-weaned dairy calves with observations on ruminal parakeratosis. J. Dairy Sci. 1962, 45, 1211–1217.
Hauser, H.: Uber interessante Erscheinungen am Epithel der Wieder- kauervormagen. (Interesting features of the forestomach epithelium in ruminants). Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. 1929, 17, 533–612.
Henriksson, K. B. & R. E. Habel: The morphology and sulfhydryl and disulfide reactions of the epithelium of the bovine forestomach during postnatal development. Anat. Rec. 1961, 139, 499–507.
Jensen, R., W. E. Conell & A. W. Deem: Rumenitis and its relation to rate of change in ration and the proportion of concentrate in the ration of cattle. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1954, 15, 425–428.
Jensen, R., J. C. Flint, R. H. Udall, A. TV. Deem & C. L. Seger: Parakeratosis of the rumens of lambs fattened on pelleted feed. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1958, 19, 277–282.
Kay, M., B. F. Fell & R. Boyne: The relationship between the acidity of the rumen contents and rumenitis in calves fed on barley. Res. vet. Sci. 1969, 10, 181–187.
Laksesvela, B., P. Slagsvold, N. Krogh, A. Ommundsen & T. Landsverk: Indigestion in young calves. II. The influence of ground barley, coarse and fine hay. Acta vet. scand. 1977, 18, 416–425.
McGavin, M. D. & J. L. Morrill: Scanning electron microscopy of ruminal papillae in calves fed various amounts and forms of roughage. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1976, 37, 497–508.
Slagsvold, P., B. Laksesvela, K. Flatlandsmo, N. Krogh, T. L. Ulstein, N. Ek & T. Landsverk: Indigestion in young calves. I. Different lactose levels in milk diets and milk replacers. Acta vet. scaaid. 1977, 18, 194–209.
Acknowledgments
The author is indebted to B. Bratberg, Veterinary College of Norway, for his assistance with Exp. 1 and to H. Giltvedt, Veterinary College of Norway, for taking the photographs.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Landsverk, T. Indigestion in Young Calves. Acta Vet Scand 19, 377–391 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547607
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547607