Skip to main content
Download PDF
  • Published:

Developmental Abnormalities of Female Sexual Organs in Swine

Misbildningar i de honliga könsorganen hos svin: En post mortem undersökning av 1000 könsorgan från gyltor

A Post-Mortem Examination of the Genital Tract in 1,000 Gilts

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 11, pages 427–442 (1970)Cite this article

Abstract

One thousand reproductive organs from gilts were collected during the period March-August at a slaughterhouse in central Sweden. The organs were inspected in respect of congenital defects and certain reproductive physiological data. The results are recorded in Tables 1–6. Figs. 1–7 show some types of malformations.

The total frequency of malformations was 22.1 %, of which 14 % cysts in mesosalpinx and 4.1 % partial duplication of the vagina. The remainder consisted of general developmental defects and of local defects in the tubular genital tract. Malformations with presumed effect on fertility were found in 4.5 % of all organs examined, of which 0.8 % presumably caused permanent sterility and 3.7 % lowered fertility (small litters).

Hydrometra was found in 33 cases, 2 of which in sexually mature gilts.

The left ovary contained more corpora lutea than the right, and the mean weight of the left ovary was greater than that of the right, both in sexually mature and prepuberal gilts. Of 202 sexually mature gilts examined 16.9 % had cystic corpora lutea in their ovaries as a rule 2–4 in each ovary.

Sammanfattning

Ettusen könsorgan från gyltor insamlades under tiden marsaugusti vid ett slakteri i mellansverige. Könsorganen undersöktes med avseende på medfödda defekter samt vissa sexualfysiologiska data. Resultaten finns redovisade i Tabellerna 1—6. Figurerna 1—7 visar några typer av missbildningar.

Totalt förekom en missbildningsfrekvens på 22,1 %, där cystabildningar i mesosalpinx svarade för 14 %, och partiella tudelningar av vagina för 4,1 %. övriga utgjordes dels av allmänna utvecklingsdefekter dels av lokala defekter lokaliserade till de tubulära delarna av könsorganen. Missbildningar med förmodad inverkan på fertiliteten förekom i 4,5 % av samtliga undersökta organ, varav 0,8 % förmodades ge permanent sterilitet och 3,7 % sänkt fruktsamhet (små kullar).

Hydrometra påträffades i 33 fall varav 2 hos könsmoglia gyltor och övriga hos icke könsmogna gyltor.

Vänster äggstock innehöll fler gula kroppar än höger äggstock och medelvikten för vänster äggstock var högre än för höger äggstock både hos könsmogna och icke könsmogna gyltor. Av 202 undersökta könsmogna gyltor hade 16,9 % cystösa gula kroppar i sina äggstockar, som regel 2—4 i vardera äggstocken.

References

  • Asdell, S. A., J. de Alba & S. J. Roberts: Studies on the oestrous cycle of dairy catties: cycle length, size of corpus luteum and endometrial changes. Cornell Vet. 1949, 39, 389–402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornstein, S.: Hermafrodilism - en översikt. (Hermaphroditism -a review). Svensk Vet.-Tidn. 1965, 17, 12–18, 38-52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corner, G. W.: Cyclic changes in the ovaries and uterus of the sow and their relation of the mechanism of implantation. Contr. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 1921, 13, 119–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhindsa, D. S. & P. J. Dziuk: Partial doubling of the uterine horns in the gilt. Vet. Med. small. Anim. Clin. 1967, 62, 900–902.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Einarsson, S. S: B. Gustafsson: Unpublished observations, 1969.

  • Eriksson, K.: Hereditary forms of sterility in cattle. Thesis. Stockholm 1943.

  • Ginther, O. J.: Local utero-ovarian relationships. J. Animal Sci. 1967, 26, 578–585.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goethals, P.: Studie van het Geschlachtsapparaat van Zengen met betrekking tot Onvruchtbaarheid en verminderde Vruchtbaarheid. (Studies on the sexual organs of sows with reference to sterility and reduced fertility). Vlaams diergeneesk. T. 1951, 20, 155–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gustafsson, B. & O. Holmberg: Post-Mortemundersökning av könsorgan frân tackor med speciell hänsyn till förekomst av missbildnin-gar. (Post-mortem examination of the genital tract in ewes with special reference to the occurrence of developmental abnormalities). Svensk Vet.-Tidn. 1966, 18, 432–436.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammond, J.: The physiology of reproduction in the cow. University Press, Cambridge 1927.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansel, W.: Some observations on bovine cystic corpora lutea. Proc. Vth Int. Congr. Anim. Reprod., Trento 1964, vol. 5, 378–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holst, S.: Sterility in boars. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1949, 1, 87–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, I. & J. Rendel: Ärftlighet och husdjursförädling. (Animal genetics). LT:s förlag, Stockholm 1963, 368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagerlöf, N. & H. Boyd: Ovarian hypoplasia and other abnormal conditions in the sexual organs of cattle of the Swedish highland breed: results of post-mortem examination over 6 000 cows. Cornell Vet. 1953, 43, 64–79.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lagerlöf, N., M. Abdel-Raouf & L Settergren: Undersökningar av köns-organen frân hondjur av Svensk Laglands- och Fjällras på före-komsten av missbildningar. (Post-mortem examination of the sexual organs of cows of the Swedish-Highland breed and the Swedish Friesian breed with special reference to ovarian hypoplasia and malformation of the Müllerian ducts). Proc. 8. Nord. Vet. Congr., Helsinki 1958, 584–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • McEntee, K.: Cystic corpora lutea in cattle. Int. J. Fertil. 1958, 3, 120–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • McEntee, K. & K. V. Jubb: Functional cytology of the bovine adeno-hypophysis in relation to cystic ovaries. Int. J. Fertil. 1957, 2, 279–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nalbandou, A.V.: Anatomic and endocrine causes of sterility in female swine. Fertil. and Steril. 1964, 3, 100–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, S. J. & R. W. Pommery: Abnormalities of the reproductive tract of the sow. J. agric. Sci. 1956, 47, 238–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, S. J.: Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital Diseases. Ithaca, New York 1956. (Distributed by Edwards Brothers, Inc., Ann. Arbor., Michigan).

  • Settergren, I. & D. Galloway: Studies on genital malformations in female cattle using slaughterhouse material. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1965, 17, 9–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teige, J.: Congenital malformations of the Müllerian ducts and sinus urogenitalis in pigs. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1957, 9, 609–629.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiggins, E. L., L. E. Casida & R. H. Grummer: The incidence of female genital abnormalities of swine. J. Animal Sci. 1950, 9, 269–276.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Veterinary College, Stockholm, Sweden

    Stig Einarsson & Börje Gustafsson

Authors
  1. Stig Einarsson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Börje Gustafsson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Einarsson, S., Gustafsson, B. Developmental Abnormalities of Female Sexual Organs in Swine. Acta Vet Scand 11, 427–442 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547969

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547969

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

ISSN: 1751-0147