Skip to main content
Download PDF
  • Published:

An Epidemiologic and Economic Study of Respiratory Diseases in Two Conventional Danish Swine Herds. II: Associations Between Lesions Present at Slaughter and Mean Daily Gains During Specific Intervals of the Growth Period

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 34, pages 331–344 (1993)Cite this article

Abstract

A total of 578 slaughter pigs from 2 Danish conventional farrow-to-finish operations (Herds a and B) were followed from an age of 14 days to slaughter. Pigs were weighed at 3 weeks intervals and at slaughter and extended post mortem examination of the plucks was done. Regression models with second and third order interaction terms demonstrated that Mycoplasma-like pneumonia, complicated pneumonia, anterio-ventral pleuritis, pericarditis, fissures and atrophic rhinitis, separately and through interactions with other lesions, significantly reduced mean daily gains during specific intervals of the growth period in 2 conventional swine herds. It is likely that the periods of reduced growth reflect the times when the diseases were in the acute and early recovery stages. Maximum estimated reductions in daily gains associated with the combined lesions were 82 grams and 283 grams during the interval 120-140 days in Herds A and B, respectively. Although dorso-caudal pleuritis and parietal pleuritis had minor negative effects during 2 intervals neither had a significant adverse effect on total growth rate in either herd (Paisley et al. 1993). R2 values for the regression models were less than 0.27 showing that the lesions present at slaughter explained less than 27% of the variation in herd mean daily gains during any interval.

References

  • Aalund O, Willeberg Ρ, Mandrup Μ, Riemann HP: Lung Lesions at Slaughter: Associations to Factors in the Pig Herd. Nord. Vet.–Med. 1976, 28, (487–495).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baalsrud KJ: The Effect of Atrophie Rhinitis on Growth Rate. Acta Vet. Scand. 1987, 28, (299–304).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bertschinger HU, Keller H, Löhrer A, Wegman W: Der zeitliche Verlauf der experimentellen en–zootischen Pneumonie biem SPF–Schwein. Schweiz Arch. Tierheilk., 1972, 114, (107–118).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bäckstrom L, Hoefling DC, Morkoc AC, {etet al.}: Effect of Atrophie Rhinitis on Growth Rate in Illinois Swine Herds. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1987, 187, (712–715).

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen G: Pleuropneumoni hos svin fremkaldt af Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae s. parahae–molyticus III: Observationer vedr. klinisk manifestation på besaetningsplan samt terapeutiske og immunprofylaktiske muligheder. (Pleurop–neumonia in swine caused by Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae s. parahaemolyticus.il. Studies on the clinical manifestations in herds, treatment and control by vaccination). Nord. Vet.-Med. 1982, 34, (113–123).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen G: USK (Udvidet SygsdomsKontrol)–og den praktiserende dyrlaege. Dansk. (Extended disease examinations and the practicing veterinarian). Vet Tidsskr. 1991, 74, (249–252).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins MT, Backstrom LR, Brim TR: Turbinate Perimeter Ratio as an Indicator of Conchal Atrophy for Diagnosis of Atrophie Rhinitis in Pigs. Amer. J. vet. Res. 1989, 150, (421–424).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowart RP, Lipsey RJ, Hedrick HB: Measurement of Conchal Atrophy and Pneumonic Lesions and Their Association with Growth Rate in Commingled Feeder Pigs. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1990, 196, (1262–1264).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dybkjær L, Vraa-Andersen L, Paisley LG, Møller K, Christensen G, Agger JF: Associations between behavior and stomach lesions in slaughter pigs. Prev. vet med, (In press.)

  • Desrosiers R, Moore C: A Review of Some Aspects of Porcine Pleuropneumonia. Proceedings, Amer. Ass. Swine Pract., Minneapolis, 1986, 495–511.

  • Friedman LM, Furberg CD, DeMets DL: Fundamentals of clinical trials. PSG PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC. 1985. 256 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friendship RM, Hacker R, McMillan I, Pieper SS, Swaminathan S, Takov R, Wilson MR: Hae mophilus Pleuropneumonia: Effect on Growth Rate and Related Parameters in Naturally Occurring Disease. Proceedings, Int. Pig vet. Soc, Ghent, 1984, 97.

  • Kjeldsen N, Nielsen H, Pedersen B: Bestemmelser af slagtesvindets størrelse hos renracede svin og hos krydsningssvin. (Determination of the size (liveweight) of purebred and crossbred slaughter swine). Danske Slagterier internal report. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindqvist JO: Animal Health and Environment in the Production of Fattening Pigs. A study of disease incidence in relation to certain environmental factors, daily weight gain and carcass classification. Acta Vet. Scand. 1974, suppl. 51, 1–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Love RJ, Wilson MR, Tasler G: Porcine Atrophie Rhinitis. Australian vet. J. 1985, 62, (377–378).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mousing J, Lybye H, Barfod Κ, MeylingA, Rønsholt L, Willeberg Ρ: Chronic pleurisy in pigs for slaughter: An epidemiological study of infectious and rearing–system related risk factors. Prev. Vet. Med. 1989, 9, (107–119).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen R, Mandrup M: Pleuropneumonia in swine caused by Haemophilus Parahalmolyticus. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1977, 29, (465–473).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noyes EP, Feeny DA, Pijoan C: Comparison of the effect of pneumonia detected during the lifetime with pneumonia detected at slaughter on growth in swine. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1990, 197, (1025–1029).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paisley LG: A prospective study of the economic impact of chronic pleuritis and other respiratory diseases in two conventional danish swine herds. Thesis, 1991, Copenhagen, 41–43; 67-70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paisley LG, Vraa-Andersen L, Dybkjær L, Møller K, Christensen G, Mousing J, Agger JF: An epidemiological and economic study of respiratory disease in two conventional danish swine herds: Prevalence of respiratory lesions at slaughter and their effects on growth. Acta vet. cand. 1993, 34, (319–329).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen KB, Barfod K: The aethiological significance of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasturella multocida in atrophic rhinitis of swine. Nord. Vet.-Med. 1981, 33, (513–522).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pijoan C, Fuentes M: Severe pleuritis associated with certain strains of pasteurella multocida in swine. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc., 1987, 191, (823–826).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pijpers A, Vernooy JACM, van Leengoed LAMG, Verheijden JHM: Feed and water consumption in pigs following an Actinobacillus Pleuropneumonia challenge. Proceedings. Int. Pig Vet. Soc, Lausanne, 1990, 39.

  • Pointon AM, Byrt D, Heap P: Effect of enzootic pneumonia of pigs on growth performance. Austr. vet. J. 1985, 62, (13–18).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen JF: The Economic Importance of Chronic Pleuritis in Pig Production. Proceedings, Int. Pig Vet. Soc, Ghent, 1984, 347.

  • Ross RF: Chronic pneumonia of swine with emphasis on Mycoplasmal Pneumonia. Proceedings, Amer. Ass. Swine Pract. Kansas City, 1984, 79–96.

  • Saunders JR, Osborne AD, Sebunya JK: Preurmonia in Saskatchewan swine: Abattoir incidences of intrathoracic lesions in pigs from a herd infected with Haemophilus pleuropneumonia and from other herds. Can. vet. J. 1981, 22, (244–247).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Statistical Analysis System Inc.: SAS UserÆs Guide, 1979 Edition. Raleigh, NC, 391–396.

  • Scheit AB, Mayrose VB, Hill MA, Clark LK, Knox KE, Runnels LJ, Frantz S, Einstein ME: Relationship of growth performance to pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis detected at slaughter. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1990, 196, (881–884).

    Google Scholar 

  • Straw BE, Burgi EJ, Hilley HP, Leman AD: Pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis in pigs from a test station. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1983, 182, 607–611.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Straw BE, Leman AD, Robinson RA: Pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis in pigs from a test station–A Follow–up Study. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1985, 185, (1544–1546).

    Google Scholar 

  • Straw BE, Tuovinen VK, Bigras–Poulin M: Estimation of the cost of pneumonia in swine herds. J. Amer. vet. med. Assoc. 1989, 195, (1702–1706).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willeberg Ρ, Gerbola M–A, Sanker SU, Kirkegaard Petersen Β: Patologiske fund ved rutinemæssig og udvidet kødkontrol af slagtesvin. 2. Kød–kontrollens diagnostiske vaerdi ved udpegning af mulige ætiologiske sygdomsenheder, specielt luftvejslidelser. (Pathological findings during routine and extended meat inspections of slaughter swine. 2. Diagnostic value of meat inspection findings in determining possible etiologies especially respiratory diseases). Dansk Vet. Tidsskr. 1982, 65, (712–721).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson MR, Takov RM, Friendship RM, Martin SW, McMillan I, Hacker R, Swaminathan S: Prevalence of respiratory diseases and their association with growth rate and space in randomly selected swine herds. Can. J. vet. Res. 1986, 50, (209–216).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This manuscript is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Med. Vet. Ole Aalund who passed away before completion of the study. The authors thank The Federation of Danish Pig Producers and Slaughter Houses and The Danish Agricultural and Veterinary Research Council for the financial support for this project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science and Animal Health, Division of Ethology and Health, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark

    L.G. Paisley, L. Vraa-Andersen, L. Dybkjœr, K. Møller, G. Christensen, J. Mousing & J. F. Agger

  2. The Federation of Danish Pig Producers and Slaughterhouses, Bülowsvej 13, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Kjellerup and Copenhagen, Denmark

    L.G. Paisley, L. Vraa-Andersen, L. Dybkjœr, K. Møller, G. Christensen, J. Mousing & J. F. Agger

Authors
  1. L.G. Paisley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. Vraa-Andersen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. L. Dybkjœr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Møller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. G. Christensen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. J. Mousing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J. F. Agger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Paisley, L., Vraa-Andersen, L., Dybkjœr, L. et al. An Epidemiologic and Economic Study of Respiratory Diseases in Two Conventional Danish Swine Herds. II: Associations Between Lesions Present at Slaughter and Mean Daily Gains During Specific Intervals of the Growth Period. Acta Vet Scand 34, 331–344 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548176

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548176

Keywords

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

ISSN: 1751-0147