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Indigestion in Young Calves
Indigestion hos unge kalver. I. Ulike mengder laktose i melkedietter og melkeerstatninger
I. Different Lactose Levels in Milk Diets and Milk Replacers
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica volume 18, pages 194–209 (1977)
Abstract
Increasing the lactose content of different milk replacers or milk diets by approx. 30 % of the dry matter increased the frequency of diarrhoea the first 10–12 days in young calves on all occasions in 5 experiments comprising 120 calves. For all diets taken together, this effect was highly significant. Total daily intakes of lactose amounted to 200–480 g. When lactose was given on top of the milk rations, the growth rate increased significantly, whereas the growth rate was usually insignificantly reduced when lactose replaced other nutrients in milk diets or milk replacers, their levels of protein and fat becoming low. Albumin and total protein in blood plasma were significantly lower when the dietary protein level was low. Milk replacers with 20 or 40 % whey powder, replacing skim milk powder, performed equally well, but gave significantly less growth than the old-fashioned feeding of whole milk-skim milk. Intake of hay and barley and a number of clinical and histological or pathological parameters did not vary consistently with dietary level of whey powder or lactose. Feeding whole milk all the time resulted in low intake of hay and barley and poorly developed forestomachs, but high dressing-out %. Substituting soya for part of the skim milk powder in milk replacers gave abomasal content with no curds. In most cases, pH in the rumen appeared to be nearly up to neutral until the calves ate ground barley, about 1 month old.
Sammendrag
Tilsetning av laktose til ulike melkeerstatninger og melkedietter, svarende til ca. 30 % av tørrstoffinnholdet, økte diarefrekvensen de første 10–12 dagene hos unge kalver i alle tilfeller i 5 forsøk som omfattet i alt 120 kalver. For alle dietter sett under ett, var forskjellen høyst signifikant. Totale mengder laktose pr. kalv pr. dag beløp seg til ca. 200–480 g.
Når laktose ble gitt i tillegg til faste rasjoner av melk, vokste kalvene statistisk sikkert bedre, mens veksten i de fleste tilfeller var noe, men ikke statistisk sikkert nedsatt, när laktose erstattet andre næringsstoffer i melkedietter eller melkeerstatninger og de fikk lavere prosentisk innhold av protein og fett. Også albumin og totalt protein i blodplasma gikk sikkert ned när diettene säledes fikk redusert inn- hold av protein.
Melkeerstatninger med 20 eller 40 % mysepulver i stedet for skummetmelkpulver ga like resultater, men statistisk sikkert mindre vekst enn ״gammeldags“ fóring med hehnelk-skummetmelk.
Opptak av høy og byggrøpp og kliniske symptomer og patologiske funn viste ikke noen klar sammenheng med laktosetilsetning eller inn- hold av mysepulver i diettene.
Foring med helmelk gjennom hele forspkstiden var ledsaget av små opptak av høy og byggrøpp og lite utviklede formager, mens slak- teprosenten ble høy.
Erstatning av en del skummetmelkpulver med soya ga Iøpeinnhold uten koagler. I de fleste tilfeller var pH i vomma nær nøytral inntil kalvene fikk byggrøpp, omlag månedsgamle.
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Acknowledgments
We wish to thank the Agricultural Research Council of Norway for financial aid, and Peter Møller A/S for lending us facilities for 2 experiments and providing most of the dietary ingredients, The Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary College of Norway, The Laboratory for Analyses, Agricultural College of Norway, and The Government's Agricultural Control Station, Moss, for respective analyses of microminerals, amino acids and major nutrients in hay and barley.
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Slagsvold, P., Laksesvela, B., Flatlandsmo, K. et al. Indigestion in Young Calves. Acta Vet Scand 18, 194–209 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548448
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548448