Skip to main content
  • Published:

Use of Hygicult-tpc® in Slaughterhouse Hygiene Control

Abstract

Efficacy of Hygicult-tpc® contact agar to control hygiene of slaughter equipment before work was studied in 3 slaughterhouses. Brushes from pork lines had higher bacterial counts (77 ± 114 cfu on Hygicult slide) than other pieces of equipment in pork (55 ± 101) and beef (42 ±110) lines. Low hygienic levels were found also in aprons, knives and conveyor belts. In general, equipment hygiene varied among the slaughterhouses studied (17 ± 70,45 ± 128,111 ± 140) and in the comparisons of certain special equipment. Hygienic levels of the equipment were classified into 3 subclasses according to Hygicult counts. Sterilizers and saws had the lowest counts; aprons, and polishing and prescalding brushes had moderate counts. Highest counts were detected in rubber backscraping brushes and steel brushes used to clean pork carcasses and in conveyor belts. Such equipment is difficult to clean, and the bacterial count of 120 on a Hygicult slide is therefore recommended as the acceptable level after cleaning. The level of 50 on a Hygicult slide is recommended as the acceptable level for equipment, which is easy to clean. The limits recommended are based on the distribution of the Hygicult counts obtained. Hygicult-tpc® is suitable for slaughterhouse hygiene control with an incubation for 72 h at 25 °C. The flexible handle enables sampling of surfaces that are hard to access with unflexible slides and agars.

References

  • Cousin MA: Evaluation of a test strip used to monitor food processing sanitation. J. Food Prot. 1982, 45, 615–619, 623.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill CO, Jones T: The precence of Aeromonas, Listeria and Yersinia in carcass prosessing equipment at 2 pig slaughtering plants. J. Food Microbiol. 1995, 12, 135–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havas F: Effects of cleaning and disinfection. Fleischwirtschaft 1995, 75, 285–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huisin’t Veld JHJ, Mulder R, Snijders JMA: Impact of animal husbandry and slaughter technologies on microbial contamination of meat-monitoring and control. Meat Sei. 1994, 36, 123–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingram M, Roberts TA: The microbiology of the red meat carcass and the slaughterhouse. Royal Soc. Health J. 1976, 96, 270–276.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mackay BM, Roberts TA: Hazard analysis and critical control point programmes in relation to slaughter hygiene. In Hannan J & Collins JD (eds.): The scientific Basis for Harmonising Trade in Red Meat. University College Dublin, Dublin 1990. p. 3–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merivirta L, Uutela P: Hygieniaindeksi, eras mah-dollinen tapa lisätä hygieniatietoisuutta teurasta-mossa ja lihanjalostuslaitoksessa. (Hygiene index–a possible way to improve the hygiene knowledge in slaughterhouses and meat processing plants). Suom. Eläinlääkäril. 1991, 96, 590–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Napravnikova E, Budig J: Hygienic study in meat industry in Czech Republic. Proc. 40th Int. Cong. Meat Sei. & Technol., Hague 1994, The Neder-lands. S-IIB.47.

    Google Scholar 

  • NCFA: Total number of microbes. Determination with the swab method or contact plate method on utensils in contact with food. Method number 5. 1987, Nordic Committee on Food Analysis. VTT, Espoo, Finland.

  • Niskanen A, Pohja MS: Comparative studies on the sampling and investigation of microbial contamination of surfaces by the contact plate and swab methods. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 1977, 42, 53–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nortje GL, Nel L, Jordaan E, Naude RT, Holzapfel WH, Grimbeek RT: A microbiological survey of fresh meat in the supermarket trade. Part 2: Beef retail cuts. Meat Sei. 1989, 25, 99–112.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nortje GL, Nel L, Jordaan E, Badenhorst K, Goed-hart G, Holzapfel WH, Grimbeek RT: The influence of incubation temperature on bacterial counts in a meat production system. J. Food Prot. 1990, 53, 418–422.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahkio M, Korkeala H, Sippola I, Peltonen M: Effect of prescalding brushing on contamination level of pork carcasses during the slaughtering process. Meat Sei. 1992, 32, 173–183.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siragusa G, Cutter C, Dorsa W, Koohmaraie M: Use of rapid microbial ATP bioluminiscence assay to detect contamination on beef and pork carcasses. J. Food Prot. 1995, 58, 770–775.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snijders J: Good manufacturing practices in slaughtering lines. Fleischwirtschaft 1988, 68, 753–755.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snijders, JMA, Geräts GE, Logtestijn JG: Good manufacturing practices during slaughtering. Arch. Lebensmittelhyg. 1984, 35, 97–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Statistical Analysis System: SAS® Institute Inc. SAS® User’s guide: Basics, Version 5 Edition. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc., 1985. 1290 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sveum WH, Moberg LJ, Rude RA, Frank JF: Microbiological monitoring of the food processing environment. In: Vanderzant C & Splittstoesser DF (eds.): Compendium of methods for the microbiological examination of foods. 3rd ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. 1992, p. 51–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ten Cate L: A note on a simple and rapid method of bacteriological sampling by means of agar sausage. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 1965, 28, 221–223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ten Cate L: Eine einfache und schnelle bakteriologische betriebskontrolle in fleisch verarbeitenden betrieben mittels agar-würsten in rilsan-kunst-darm. Fleischwirtschaft 1963,15, 483–484,487.

    Google Scholar 

  • Untermann F, Stephan R, Dura U, Hofer M, Heimann P: Reliability and practicability of bacteriological monitoring of beef carcass contamination and their rating within hygiene quality control programme of abaittoirs. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 1997, 34, 67–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. M. Rahkio.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rahkio, T.M., Korkeala, H.J. Use of Hygicult-tpc® in Slaughterhouse Hygiene Control. Acta Vet Scand 38, 331–338 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548479

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548479

Keywords