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Peyer’s Patches and the Follicle-Associated Epithelium in Diarrheic Calves

Ρeyerplettene og det follikkel-assosierte epitelet hos diarékalver

Pathomorphology, Morphometry and Acid Phosphatase Histochemistry

Abstract

Twelve 2–5-week-old calves affected with a spontaneous intestinal disorder were examined; 8 had diarrhea and 4 were convalescents. In all the affected calves the “pseudovilli” (syn. domes or lymphoid villi) over Peyer’s patches seemed atrophic and appeared enclosed within the mucosa, owing to fusion of ordinary villi with “pseudovilli”. Morphometric examination showed a decrease of lymphoid follicle length in the affected calves as compared with controls (P < 0.01). Convalescents showed longer follicles than diarrheic calves (P<0.05). Often cytoplasmic acid phosphatase of the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) in affected calves did not show the marked basal-apical decrease along “pseudovillus”, typical of the controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed sparse development of concentric folds in the luminal plasma membrane of the enclosed FAE, contrasting with their abundance in the normal FAE. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the “pseudovilli” had increased numbers of ordinary villous epithelial cells. Affinity of chlamydia for FAE was shown. It is suggested that the sparse occurrence of surface folds in the FAE and the change in acid phosphatase distribution indicate diminished endocytosis of antigenic material, probably resulting from the enclosure of “pseudovilli”. The atrophy of lymphoid follicles may be another expression of the probable decreased contact with the intestinal contents.

Sammendrag

Peyerplettene og det follikkel-assosierte epitelet (FAE) ble undersøkt hos tolv 2–5 uker gamle kalver; 8 hadde diaré og 4 var rekonvalesenter. Kalvene hadde atrofiske „pseudovilli“ (syn. lymfoide villi) som så ut til å være lukket inne i mukosa p.g.a. sammenvoksninger mellom „pseudovilli“ og ordinære villi. Morfometrisk undersøkelse viste lavere follikkelhøyde hos de affiserte kalvene (alle 12), enn hos kontrollene (P < 0.01) og likeså lavere follikkelhøyde hos diarékalvene enn hos rekonvalesentene (P < 0.05). Hos affiserte kalver var det ofte ikke så markert basal-apikal nedgang av sur fosfatasereaksjon i det follikkel-assosierte epitelet (FAE) langs „pseudovillus“ som hos kontroller. Ved skanning elektron mikroskopi viste FAE hos affiserte kalver sparsom forekomst av folder i overflaten, strukturer som det vanligvis er rikelig av i det normale FAE. Transmisjonselektronmikroskopi viste at „pseudovilli“ hos de affiserte kalvene i forøket grad var bekledt av ordinære absorberende epitelceller. Chlamydier viste en utpreget predileksjon for FAE. Det antydes at den sparsomme utviklingen av folder og forandringene i sur fosfatase reaksjon i FAE kan ha sammenheng med nedsatt endocyttose. Sammen med atrofien av „pseudovilli“ og follikler kan dette være uttrykk for en mangelfull antigentilførsel fra tarminnholdet, forårsaket av innelukkingen av „pseudovilli“.

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This study was supported by grants from the Agricultural Research Council of Norway.

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Landsverk, T. Peyer’s Patches and the Follicle-Associated Epithelium in Diarrheic Calves. Acta Vet Scand 22, 459–471 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03548671

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