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Physiological and Endocrinological Responses During Prolonged Exercise in Hatchery-Reared Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Fysiologiske og hormonelle ændringer som følge af vedvarende svømning hos regnbueørred (Oncorhynchus mykiss) opdrættet i akvakultur

Abstract

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were subjected to vigorous exercise (1.5 body length s−1), low exercise (0.5 body length s−1) or still-water (0.0 body length s−1). Hematocrit, glucose, growth hormone (GH), Cortisol and triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) were monitored at the start of exercise, after 24 h, and after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 days of continuous swimming. Morphological indices and food intake were also monitored. At the end of the experiment, trout subjected to low exercise had gained significantly (p<0.05) more weight than both the control (still-water) and vigorously exercised fish. This low exercised group of fish also consumed more food than the 2 other groups. Hematocrit increased significantly in both exercised groups at the onset of swimming but returned to pre-exercise levels within 8 hrs. Plasma glucose appeared to be generally unaffected by exercise. Likewise, plasma concentrations of both GH and T3 were not influenced by exercise. Plasma Cortisol levels increased in an exercise dependent fashion at the onset of swimming, but returned to pre-swimming levels within 24 h and there was no apparent effect of sustained swimming. The results suggest: (i) the onset of exercise elicits transient changes in plasma components, (ii) the observed weight gain in low exercising salmonids occur without increases in circulating levels of GH or T3.

Sammendrag

Regnbueørred (Oncorhynchus mykiss) blev udsat for tre niveauer af vedvarende svømning, hurtig (1,5 kropslængder s−1), moderat (0,5 kropslængder s−1) og ingen (0,0 kropslængder s−1), for at sammenligne fysiologiske og hormonelle aspekter af vækst hos ørred ved forskellige svømmehastigheder. Hematokrit og plasmaniveauer af glukose, væksthormon (GH), Cortisol og triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) blev moniteret ved begyndelsen af eksperimentet, efter 24 timer og efter 2, 4, 8, 16, og 32 dages vedvarende svømning. Såvel fødeindtag som morfologiske parametre blev undersøgt. Ved forsøgets afslutning havde de moderat svømmende ørreder en signifikant (p<0,05) højere vægtforøgelse sammenlignet med både kontrolfiskene og de hurtigt svømmende fisk. De moderat svømmende ørredder konsumerede også mere foder end de to andre grupper. Hematokritniveauerne steg signifikant i både de hurtigt og moderat svømmende fisk ved forsøgets igangsættelse, men returnerede til start niveauet indenfor 8 timer. Starten af svømmeregimet forhøjede plasmaniveauet af glukose, men glukose niveauet syntes herefter ikke at være influeret af svømningen. Ligeledes var plasmakoncentrationerne af både GH og T3 ikke direkte berørt af svømmeregimet, men indirekte som følge af det ændrede fødeindtag. Plasmacortisolkoncentrationen steg proportionalt med niveauet af svømning i forbindelse med igangsættelsen af svømmeregimet. Plasma cortisolniveauet returnerede til begyndelsesniveauet indenfor 24 timer og vedvarende svømning havde ikke nogen efterfølgende effekt på cortisolniveauet. Resultaterne fra dette eksperiment viser, at starten på et svømmeregime medfører talrige ændringer i plasmakomponenterne, samt at den observerede vægtforøgelse ikke skyldes forhøjede plasmaniveauer af GH og T3.

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Nielsen, M.E., Boesgaard, L., Sweeting, R.M. et al. Physiological and Endocrinological Responses During Prolonged Exercise in Hatchery-Reared Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Acta Vet Scand 41, 173–184 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03549649

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