Table 1 Predictors selected as candidates for multivariable modeling
Variable | n | Continuous mean, SD (min, max) | Categorical | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Categories | n (%) | P-valuea | |||
Farmer characteristics | |||||
Age of farmer (year) | 225 | 48.7, 11.3 (20, 79) | < 0.001 | ||
Herd characteristics | |||||
Herd size (no. of cows) | 213 | 87.6, 84.6 (26, 1000) | 0.192 | ||
Housing type | 227 | Tie stall | 100 (56) | 0.017 | |
Free stall | 127 (44) | ||||
Region | 228 | South Sweden | 32 (14) | 0.089 | |
East Sweden | 62 (27) | ||||
West Sweden | 74 (32) | ||||
Middle Sweden | 20 (9) | ||||
North Sweden | 40 (18) | ||||
Farmer attitudes | |||||
Expected future herd size | 224 | Same or fewer Expand | 163 (73) 61 (27) | 0.046 | |
Expectation that the farm will still be operating in 5 year | 227 | 7.6, 2.7 (1, 10) | 0.144 | ||
Interest in animal breeding (genetic selection) | 223 | 7.9, 2.0 (0.5, 10) | 0.145 | ||
Management factors | |||||
Composition of workforce | 222 | Only family members Employee(s) | 94 (42) 128 (58) | 0.141 | |
Used herd health advice during the last year | 182 | No Yes | 82 (45) 100 (55) | 0.029 | |
Used breeding advice during the last year | 204 | No Yes | 55 (27) 149 (73) | 0.123 | |
Calving occurs in individual calving pens | 227 | Yes No | 78 (34) 149 (66) | 0.017 | |
Time required for drying off (d) | 214 | 7.8, 4.3 (0, 21) | 0.019 | ||
Call veterinarian for lame cows | 210 | 4.4, 3.1 (0, 10) | 0.003 | ||
Move lame cows to isolation pen | 202 | 5.3, 3.2 (0, 10) | 0.029 | ||
Call veterinarian for unhealthy cows | 219 | 7.5, 2.4 (0.1, 10) | 0.011 | ||
Move unhealthy cows to isolation pen | 213 | 6.1, 3.2 (0, 10) | 0.121 | ||
Initiate treatment of unhealthy cows on my own | 215 | 5.0, 3.4 (0, 10) | 0.148 | ||