Fig. 4

Photomicrograph of the excised left cranial lung lobe. a, b Small tissue mass attached to the excised lung: a disorganized cartilage plates with narrow underdeveloped airway lumens are observed. The arrow shows a tertiary bronchi with a dysplastic cartilage plates. Bar: 100 µm; b hypertrophic vessel (white arrow) and an area of bronchial cartilage dysplasia (black arrow). Bar: 100 µm. c, d The excised lung lobe: c Emphysematous alveoli and terminal bronchioles. Bar = 500 µm; d Bulla (Bu) and bleb (Bl) of approximately 4 and 7 mm in diameter were identified within the parenchyma and below the visceral pleura, respectively. Bar: 2 mm. a–d Hematoxylin and eosin stain