Table 3 Cause of murmur in 27 dogs referred by the breeder’s veterinarian to the veterinary cardiology specialist

Patent ductus arteriosus

7

      All left-to-right shunting

Pulmonic stenosis

6

      Severe

3

      Moderate

2

      Mild

1

Ventricular septal defect

4

      All left-to-right shunting

Aortic stenosis

2

      Both moderate

Innocent murmur

2

Double chambered right ventricle

1

Mitral valve dysplasia

1

Tetralogy of Fallot

1

Pulmonic stenosis

      Severe, in combination with

            Ventricular septal defect

                  Right-to-left shunting

1

      Moderate, in combination with

            Mitral valve dysplasia

1

Patent ductus arteriosus

      Left-to-right shunting, in combination with

            Pulmonic stenosis

                  Moderate

1