Articles

Characterisation of the Repeat Breeding Syndrome in Swedish Dairy Cattle

Repeat breeding (RB), defined as cows failure to conceive from 3 or more regularly spaced services in the absence of detectable abnormalities, is a costly problem for the dairy producer. To elucidate the occur...

Authors: H Gustafsson and U Emanuelson

Insulin Sensitivity of Heifers on Different Diets

The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique was used to investigate the effect on insulin sensitivity of 2 different diets used in practical cattle feeding in calves. Ten 4 to 5-month-old heifer calves wer...

Authors: K Sternbauer and J Luthman

Risk Factors for High Endoparasitic Burden and the Efficiency of a Single Anthelmintic Treatment of Danish Horses

A questionnaire survey regarding endoparasite control practices in Danish horse herds was carried out in 1995. The participating veterinarians and herd owners were sampled using convenience and purposive sampl...

Authors: M.M. Larsen, S. Lendal, M. Chriél, S.N. Olsen and H. Bjørn

Wet Belly in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Relation to Body Condition, Body Temperature and Blood Constituents

Wet belly, when the reindeer becomes wet over the lower parts of the thorax and abdomen, sometimes occurs in reindeer during feeding. In a feeding experiment, 11 out of 69 reindeer were affected by wet belly. ...

Authors: B Åhman, A Nilsson, E Eloranta and K Olsson

Monocarboxylate Transporters and Lactate Metabolism in Equine Athletes: A Review

Lactate is known as the end product of anaerobic glycolysis, a pathway that is of key importance during high intensity exercise. Instead of being a waste product lactate is now regarded as a valuable substrate...

Authors: AR Pösö

May Organically Farmed Animals Pose a Risk for Campylobacter Infections in Humans?

Organic farming of meat producing poultry like broilers, means that the animals should be kept outdoors as much as possible. This pose a risk that they get infected with Campylobacter. At slaughter, carcasses ...

Authors: Anders Engvall

Zoonotic Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of all warm-blooded animals, but variants of this species is also among the important etiological agents of enteritis and several extraintesti...

Authors: Yngvild Wasteson

Salmonella – A Brief Summary

Salmonellosis is the main cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in most European countries. Infections with Salmonella is usually subclinical, whereas clinical cases show symptoms with a wide range of sever...

Authors: Esko Nurmi

Recycling Biowaste – Human and Animal Health Problems

Biowaste from the food chain is of potential benefit to use in agriculture. Agriculture in general and organic farming in particular needs alternative plant nutrients. However, the quality concerning hygiene a...

Authors: Ann Albihn

Is the Modern High Potential Dairy Cow Suitable for Organic Farming Conditions?

It is not acceptable to compromise animal welfare in any system of farming. Feeding should be aimed at meeting the nutritional requirements at the various stages of production. This paper deals with the detrim...

Authors: Grétar H. Harðarson

Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance in Organic Farming – Possibilities and Constraints

Lowered incidences of disease may be reached in several ways: management and rearing measures, vaccination programmes and preventive medications as well as breeding for improved disease resistance. Here the fo...

Authors: Ulf Magnusson

Reduced Medication in Organic Farming with Emphasis on Organic Dairy Production

Medication is an important focus area in organic animal husbandry. The combination of goals relating to improved animal welfare and reduced use of chemicals in general creates a common wish to reduce medicatio...

Authors: Mette Vaarst and Torben W. Bennedsgaard

Influence of Boar and Semen Parameters on Motility and Acrosome Integrity in Liquid Boar Semen Stored for Five Days

Ninety ejaculates from a total of 76 AI boars were extended in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS). Boar identity, breed, weight of the ejaculate and sperm concentration were registered. Motility and acrosome in...

Authors: E Kommisrud, H Paulenz, E Sehested and IS Grevle

Alternative Therapy of Animals – Homeopathy and Other Alternative Methods of Therapy

Alternative therapy of animals is described, in the meaning of alternatives to veterinary therapy traditionally accepted by veterinary faculties and schools and included in their curricula. Alternative therapy...

Authors: Torleiv Løken

Salmonella in Sheep in Iceland

In 1995 several outbreaks of food poisoning in humans occurred in Iceland, that were traced to salmonella contamination of singed sheep heads. This prompted us to study the prevalence of salmonella infection i...

Authors: S Hjartardóttir, E Gunnarsson and J Sigvaldadóttir

Health and Welfare in Organic Poultry Production

This review paper deals with the major health and welfare aspects of organic poultry production. The differences between organic and conventional egg and poultry meat production are discussed, with the main em...

Authors: C. Berg

Animal Health and Welfare – Pig Production

Requirements of the organic pig farming create an opportunity to offer good life for animals. The space requirements give animals the possibility to exhibit species-specific behavior and provide them opportuni...

Authors: Pirkko Hämeenoja

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Udder Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Herds in the West Littoral Region of Uruguay

A total of 522 strains belonging to streptococci, enterococci and staphylococci isolated from sub-clinical and clinical cases of bovine mastitis from the west littoral region of Uruguay were analysed for their...

Authors: RE Gianneechini, C Concha and A Franklin

Animal Health and Welfare in Organic Sheep and Goat Farming – Experiences and Reflections from a Swedish Outlook

Authors: Åsa Lindqvist

Comparisons of Sampling Procedures and Time of Sampling for the Detection of Salmonellain Danish Infected Chicken Flocks Raised in Floor Systems

Bacteriological follow-up samples were taken from 41 chicken (Gallus gallus) flocks in floor systems, where Salmonella enterica (Salmonella) had been detected either directly in bacteriological samples or indirec...

Authors: KO Gradel, J Andersen and M Madsen

Animal Welfare in Relation to Standards in Organic Farming

The new EU-regulations on organic farming (1804/1999) are also influencing the animal welfare. A lot of positive regulations is to find, but also regulations that seen to mind more about the general public and...

Authors: Karl-Erik Hammarberg

Organic Farming in the Nordic Countries – Animal Health and Production

Organic farming (or ecological agriculture) is of growing importance in the agricultural sector worldwide. In the Nordic countries, 1–10% of the arable land was in organic production in 1999. Organic farming c...

Authors: S. M. Thamsborg

Milk Fever Control Principles: A Review

Three main preventive principles against milk fever were evaluated in this literature review, and the efficacy of each principle was estimated from the results of controlled investigations. Oral calcium drench...

Authors: T Thilsing-Hansen, RJ Jørgensen and S Østergaard

Investigations of Waterborne Pathogens in Eurasian Beaver (Castor fiber) from Telemark County, Southeast Norway

Authors: F. Rosell, O. Rosef and H. Parker

Housing, Feeding and Management of Calves and Replacement Heifers in Swedish Dairy Herds

A questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected dairy herds in Sweden, asking for general information about the herds, including routines from birth to first calving and also routines at breeding, calving a...

Authors: K Pettersson, C Svensson and P Liberg

Rapid Brain Cooling in Intubated Pigs through Nasal Flushing with Oxygen: Prevention of Brain Hyperthermia

Local cooling of the brain by the respiratory air is found in many animal species. The mechanism is based on cooling of the nasal vein blood and heat transfer in the cavernous sinus/carotid artery complex and ...

Authors: N Einer-Jensen, MH Khorooshi, MB Petersen and P Svendsen

Persistence of Ehrlichia phagocytophilaInfection in Two Age Groups of Lambs

Tick-borne fever (TBF) is caused by the rickettsiae Ehrlichia phagocytophila and is a common disease in sheep in tick (Ixodes ricinus) infested areas in Norway. Earlier investigations have shown that some sheep c...

Authors: S Stuen and K Bergström

Predilection Muscles and Physical Condition of Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) Experimentally Infected with Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa

The predilection muscles of Trichinella spiralis and T. nativa were studied in 2 experimental groups of 6 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides), the third group serving as a control for clinical signs. The infe...

Authors: T. Mikkonen, L. Oivanen, A. Näreaho, H. Helin and A. Sukura

Influence of Ileo-Caecal Cannulation and Oxytetracycline on Ileo-Caecal and Rectal Coliform Populations in Pigs

The effect of surgery (insertion of an ileo-caecal cannula) and a subsequent parenteral treatment with oxytetracycline on the ileo-caecal and rectal coliform populations in 7 Swedish Yorkshire castrates were s...

Authors: A. Högberg, J.E. Lindberg and P. Wallgren

Osteoarthrosis of the Antebrachiocarpal Joint of 7 Riding Horses

Osteoarthrosis (OA) of the antebrachiocarpal joint from 7 riding horses is described. The horses were old mares and developed severe OA, with ankylosis in some of the joints. The lesions were bilateral, and th...

Authors: L-E. Magnusson and S. Ekman

An Unusual Congenital Malformation in a Calf with Serological Evidence of Foetal Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Infection

Authors: I. Yeruham, M. Michael and S. Perl

The Dynamics, Prevalence and Impact of Nematode Infections in Organically Raised Sheep in Sweden

A three-year survey (1997–99) was carried out on organically reared sheep flocks throughout Sweden. The aim was to determine the prevalence and intensity of nematode infections and to establish relationships b...

Authors: Å Lindqvist, B-L Ljungström, O Nilsson and PJ Waller

Diagnoses and Treatments in Health-Classified Fattening Herds Rearing Pigs All In – All Out

This study describes diseases encountered, medications used and veterinary involvement in all in – all out finishing herds belonging to one pork production system. The finishing herds had a particular manageme...

Authors: M Heinonen, P Hämeenoja, H Saloniemi and V Tuovinen

Regional Eradication of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaeFrom Pig Herds and Documentation of Freedom of the Disease

The objectives of this study were to 1) screen all sow herds in a region for M. hyopneumoniae, 2) to effectuate an eradication programme in all those herds which were shown to be infected with M. hyopneumoniae, a...

Authors: E Rautiainen, J Oravainen, JV Virolainen and V Tuovinen

Persistence of Granulocytic EhrlichiaInfection During Wintertime in Two Sheep Flocks in Norway

Granulocytic Ehrlichia infection in sheep is common in Norway in areas with Ixodes ricinus. In this study, 2 sheep flocks that had been grazing on I. ricinus infested pastures the previous season, were blood samp...

Authors: S Stuen, R Djuve and K Bergström

The Effect of Two Different Oxytetracycline Treatments in Experimental Ehrlichia phagocytophilaInfected Lambs

The effect of 2 different oxytetracycline treatments in acute E. phagocytophila infected lambs was investigated. Twenty 5-month-old lambs of the Dala and Rygja breeds were used. Ten lambs were inoculated intraven...

Authors: S Stuen and K Bergström

Serological Investigation of Granulocytic EhrlichiaInfection in Sheep in Norway

Serum samples of 749 sheep from 75 sheep flocks in Norway, i.e. 361 lambs (6 to 7 months old) and 388 adults (>1.5 year), were analysed for antibodies to Ehrlichia equi. Ten animals from each flock were examined....

Authors: S Stuen and K Bergström

Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) in Gordon Setters with Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy and Black Hair Follicular Dysplasia

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were demonstrated in 3 out of 10 Gordon setters with symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy and in 5 out of 13 Gordon setters with black hair follicular dysplasia. Two dogs showed both...

Authors: J Øvrebø Bohnhorst, I Hanssen and T Moen

Experimental Copper Deficiency, Chromium Deficiency and Additional Molybdenum Supplementation in Goats – Pathological Findings

Secondary copper (Cu) deficiency, chromium (Cr) deficiency and molybdenosis (Mo) has been suggested to cause the "mysterious" moose disease in the southwest of Sweden. The present experiment was performed on g...

Authors: H. Aupperle, H.A. Schoon and A. Frank

Clinical and Endocrine Investigations after Dexamethasone and Prostaglandin Induced Premature Parturition – A Case Report

Authors: K. Kask, K. Königsson, H. Kindahl and H. Gustafsson

Experimental Infection of Conventional Pigs with Streptococcus suis serotype 2 by Aerosolic Exposure

Authors: L. W. Madsen, B. Nielsen, B. Aalbæk, H. E. Jensen, J. P. Nielsen and H. J. Riising

Salmonella dublinin Danish Dairy Herds: Frequency of Change to Positive Serological Status in Bulk Tank Milk ELISA in Relation to Serostatus of Neighbouring Farms

Bulk tank milk from 1,429 herds were collected in 3 rounds from 19 different geographic areas. The milk samples were tested by use of indirect LPS-ELISA procedure to detect Salmonella dublin antibodies. From the ...

Authors: A Wedderkopp, U Strøger and P Lind

Plasma Melatonin Levels in Relation to the Light-Dark Cycle and Parental Background in Domestic Pigs

To study porcine melatonin secretion in a stable environment 3 daytime (10.00 – 15.00) and 3 nighttime (22.00 – 03.00) plasma samples were collected by jugular venipuncture from 15 gilts, 16 sows, 3 boars and ...

Authors: H Andersson

Optimization of the Agar-gel Method for Isolation of Migrating Ascaris suumLarvae From the Liver and Lungs of Pigs

Experiments on use of an agar-gel method for recovery of migrating Ascaris suum larvae from the liver and lungs of pigs were conducted to obtain fast standardized methods. Subsamples of blended tissues of pig liv...

Authors: I Saeed, A Roepstorff, T Rasmussen, M Høg and G Jungersen

Serum Calcium Response Following Oral Zinc Oxide Administrations in Dairy Cows

Six non-pregnant cows were allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 comprised a pair of lactating cows, whereas groups 2 and 3 each comprised a pair of non-lactating cows. The cows in groups 1 and 2 were dosed intraru...

Authors: T Thilsing-Hansen and RJ Jørgensen

Electrolyte Composition of Mink (Mustela vison) Erythrocytes and Active Cation Transporters of the Cell Membrane

Red blood cells from mink (Mustela vison) were characterized with respect to their electrolyte content and their cell membranes with respect to enzymatic activity for cation transport. The intra- and extracellula...

Authors: O Hansen and TN Clausen

Plasma Calcium, Inorganic Phosphate and Magnesium During Hypocalcaemia Induced by a Standardized EDTA Infusion in Cows

The intravenous Na₂EDTA infusion technique allows effective specific chelation of circulating Ca²⁺ leading to a progressive hypocalcaemia. Methods previously used were not described in detail and results obtained...

Authors: LSB Mellau, RJ Jørgensen and JMD Enemark

Effect of Tetracosactid on Post Partum Cyclicity in Cows after Induction of Parturition with PGF_2α

Parturition and retention of fetal membranes were induced with PGF_2α in 3 primiparous dairy cows. Starting on day 12 post partum (PP) the cows were treated with 500 μg i.m. of ACTH-analogue (tetracosactid) every ...

Authors: MC Veronesi, H Kindahl, H Gustafsson and B Kornmatitsuk

Specific Immune Response of Mares and their Newborn Foals to Actinobacillus spp. Present in the Oral Cavity

Oral swab samples, serum and colostrum was taken from 15 mares and 14 of their foals, within 24 h of birth. The presence of antibody against Actinobacillus spp. isolated from the oral cavity was investigated usin...

Authors: S. Sternberg

Calcification of the Intervertebral Discs and Curvature of the Radius and Ulna: A Radiographic Survey of Finnish Miniature Dachshunds

The vertebral column of 124 randomly selected miniature dachshunds, representing 4.5% of the population registered by the Finnish Kennel Club during the years 1988 to 1996, were radiographed. The front legs we...

Authors: A Lappalainen, M Norrgård, K Alm, M Snellman and O Laitinen